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Mental Health & Illness 2008-06-15 15:40:07 DSM-IV-TR: Mental Illness/Disorder is defined as a clinically significant behavioral or psychological syndrome or pattern associated with distress or disability......with increased risk of death, pain, disability and is not a reasonable (expectable) response to a particular situation (APA 2000). On the other hand Mental Health
is defined as a state of successful performance of mental function, Read more:Mental Health
Coping and Defense Mechanism in Psychiatry 2008-06-15 15:39:48 Coping Mechanism involves any effort to decrease the stress response. It can be constructive or destructive, task oriented, or defense oriented, regulating the response to protect oneself. If destructive coping mechanism is happened, it often cause a mental health disorder because the person avoids the problem or stress that causes the disorder. And neurotic or psychotic behaviors can result when Read more:Coping
, Defense
, Psychiatry
Nurse - Client Relationship 2008-06-15 15:37:51 Nurse – Client
relationship is essential in nursing practice. The basic element of the relationship between nurse and client depends on the interaction of thought, feeling, and action of each person. The patient will experience better health when all their needs are fully considered in the relationship (Peplau, Interpersonal Relation 9).Nurse establishes and maintains this relationship by nursin Read more:Nurse
, Relationship
Mental Health Admission and Client Rights 2008-07-05 06:58:20 There are two types of admission and discharge in Mental Health
Care :Voluntary AdmissionClient
agree to accept treatmentCivil rights are retained fully by the client and the client is free to sign out of the hospitalThe client has the right to demand and receive releaseAny client of lawful age may apply in writing for admission to the hospitalInvoluntary AdmissionClient who has legal capacity to Read more:Mental Health
, Rights
Therapeutic Communication in Nursing 2008-06-26 16:40:06 Therapeutic Communication is a important thing in delivering a care for patient, as well as part of nursing skills to achieves nursing goal as part of nursing care plan. Communication is defined as a process of generating and transmitting meaning and it includes verbal and non verbal communication. Successful communication includes appropriateness, efficiency, flexibility, and feedback.Element of Read more:Nursing
Model Of Care: Milieu Therapy 2008-07-17 14:19:54 Milieu therapy is an treatment environment in which everyday events and interactions are therapeutically designed for the purpose of enhancing social skills and building confidence. It provides a safe environment adapted to the client’s needs, comport, and freedom of expression.Milieu therapy is staffed by persons trained to provide support, and all members contribute to the planning and functi Read more:Therapy
Anxiety Related Disorder 2008-07-29 12:32:08 Anxiety-related disorders are the most common of all psychiatric disorders. Client with these disorder will experience physiologic, cognitive, and behavioral symptoms.Physiologic manifestations are related to the fight and flight response that result in cardiovascular, respiratory, neuromuscular, and gastrointestinal stimulation. The cognitive symptoms are apprehension, uneasiness, an uncertainty.
Anxiety Disorder Classification (part-1) 2008-08-07 08:00:24 Acute Stress DisorderClient with acute stress disorder will develop three or more of these dissociative symptoms:Subjective sense of numbingNo emotional responsivenessFeeling dazedDepersonalizationDerealizationAmnesiaDuration of acute stress disorder would be 2 days to 4 weeks.Generalized Anxiety DisorderClient with generalized anxiety disorder will develop three off the four categories:Autonomic Read more:Classification
Model of Care: Behavior Modification 2008-09-10 05:25:26 Behavior Modification is the systematic use of principles of conditioning and learning, especially operant or instrumental conditioning, to teach certain skills or to extinguish undesirable behaviors, attitudes, or phobias. There are types of behavior modification: behavior therapy, self-control therapy, desensitization, aversion therapy, modeling therapy, and operant conditioning.Behavior Therapy Read more:Behavior
Model of Care: Psychotherapy 2008-09-03 17:39:03 Psychotherapy is treatment of emotional, behavioral, personality, and psychiatric disorders based primarily upon verbal or nonverbal communication and interventions with the patient, in contrast to treatments utilizing chemical and physical measures. Verbal means communication. Non verbal techniques include silence, body language, facial expressions, and respect for personal space.There are three
Anxiety Disorder Classification (part-2) 2008-08-21 05:26:21 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)This stress disorder occurs after experiencing a psychologically traumatic event outside the range of usual experience such as rape, combat, bombings, kidnapping. The person with posttraumatic stress disorder re-experiences the event through recurrent dreams and flashbacks.Person with post-traumatic stress disorder may commonly uses emotional numbness, detachm Read more:Classification
Phobias 2008-09-26 21:25:33 Phobia is an irrational fear of an object or situation that persist although the person may recognize it as unreasonable. It is associated with panic level anxiety if the object, situation, or activity cannot be avoided. The word of phobia is used as a combining form in many term expressing the object that inspires the fears.Types of Phobias
:Acrophobia : fear of heightsAgoraphobia : Fear of open s
Model of Care: Group Therapy 2008-09-21 20:35:54 There are three stages of group development: Initial stage, working stage, and termination stage. Each stage has specific character.Initial Stage:This is the first stage in which the members become acquainted with each other and search for similarity between themselves.Trusting communication is important in this stage.Structuring of group norms, roles and responsibilities are taking place in this Read more:Group
, Therapy
Model of Care: Cognitive Therapy 2008-09-21 20:24:55 Cognitive therapy is an active, directive, time-limited , structured approach that is designed to identify reality testing and correct distorted conceptualization and the dysfunctional belief underlying these cognition.The therapist tries to help the client to think and act more realistically and adaptively so it can reduce the psychological problem. Read more:Cognitive
, Therapy
Somatoform Disorders 2008-10-11 00:05:40 Somatoform disorders are group of disorders in which physical symptoms suggesting physical disorders for which there are no demonstrable organic findings or known physiologic mechanisms. There is a strong presumption that the symptoms are linked to psychological factors. The client focuses on the physical signs and symptoms and is unable to control the signs and symptoms. The signs and symptoms in
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder 2008-10-09 03:16:00 Obsessive compulsive disorder is a type of anxiety disorder whose essential feature is recurrent obsession, persistent, intrusive ideas, thoughts, impulses or images, or compulsion. Compulsion means repetitive, purposeful and intentional behaviors performed in response to an obsession. The person may have both obsession and compulsions that can disrupt normal activities. An example of this disord
Substance Abuse: Cocaine Abuse 2008-11-06 14:23:47 Cocaine is a crystalline alkaloid obtained from the leaves of Erythroxylon coca (family Erythroxylaceae) and other species of Erythroxylon, or by synthesis from ecgonine or its derivatives.Cocaine is a potent central nervous system stimulant, vasoconstrictor, and topical anesthetic, widely abused as a euphoriant and associated with the risk of severe adverse physical and mental effects.Cocaine: co Read more:Cocaine
, Substance
Substance Abuse: Benzodiazeipnes 2008-11-06 13:41:57 The benzodiazepines are a class of psychoactive drugs with varying hypnotic, sedative, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant and amnesic properties, which are mediated by slowing down the central nervous system. The drugs are useful in treating anxiety, insomnia, agitation, seizures, and muscle spasms, as well as alcohol withdrawal. Using of benzodiazepines in long term can cause physical d Read more:Substance
Substance Abuse: Barbiturate 2008-11-05 14:38:17 Barbiturates are a group of drugs known as sedative-hypnotics, which generally describes their sleep-inducing and anxiety-decreasing effects.Person uses barbiturates as abused mostly to reduce anxiety, decrease inhibitions, and treat unwanted effects of illicit drugs. Barbiturates can be extremely dangerous because the correct dose is difficult to predict. Barbiturates are also addictive and can c Read more:Substance
Substance Abuse: Alcohol Abuse 2008-11-05 14:23:36 Alcohol abuse is a psychiatric diagnosis describing the use of alcoholic beverages despite negative consequences. Alcohol abuse is different from alcohol dependence means by the lack of symptoms such as tolerance and withdrawal.Effect of Substance
:Drunkenness, drowsiness, behavioral changes, poor judgment, coordination difficulty, slurred speech, inappropriate sexual behavior, aggression, memory Read more:Alcohol
, Alcohol Abuse
Schizophrenia 1: Definition, Signs, and Symptoms 2008-10-24 07:01:39 Schizophrenia is a group of mental disorders characterized by abnormalities in perception, content of thought, and thought processes (hallucinations and delusions) and by extensive withdrawal of interest from other people and the outside world, with excessive focusing on one's own mental life.Schizophrenia is the most prevalent psychosis, affecting some 2 million Americans. The annual cost of the Read more:Definition
, Schizophrenia
Bipolar Disorder 2008-10-24 06:32:52 Bipolar disorder is an affective disorder characterized by the occurrence of alternating periods of euphoria (mania) and depression.Signs and Symptoms Of Mania:Becomes angry quickly.Distracted by environmental stimuli.Extroverted personalityFlights of ideaDelusional self-confidence.Grandiose and persecutory delusionsInability to eat or sleep.High and unstable affect.Inappropriate dress.Inappropria Read more:Bipolar
Dissociative Disorder 2008-10-18 23:22:47 Dissociative disorder is a group of mental disorders characterized by disturbances in the functions of identity, memory, consciousness, or perception of the environment. It is associated with exposure to an extremely traumatic event.Dissociative disorder includes dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue, dissociative identity (multiple personality) disorder, and depersonalization disorder.Dissoci
Substance Abuse: Opioid Abuse 2008-11-09 15:09:04 Opioid is a chemical substance that has a morphine-like action in the body. It is use mostly for pain relief. Opioid works by binding to opioid receptors in the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. The receptors in these two organ systems mediate both the beneficial effects, and the undesirable side effects.Classes of opioids:natural opiates, alkaloids contained in the resin of t Read more:Substance
Substance Abuse: Nicotine Abuse 2008-11-09 14:56:07 Nicotine is the drug in tobacco leaves. It a poisonous volatile alkaloid derived from tobacco (Nicotiana spp.) and responsible for many of the effects of tobacco. It first stimulates (small doses), then depresses (large doses) at autonomic ganglia and myoneural junctions.Nicotine in inhaled tobacco smoke or in smokeless tobacco applied to buccal or nasal mucosa enters the circulation within second Read more:Substance
Substance Abuse: Methamphetamines 2008-11-09 14:41:20 Methamphetamine is a member of the family of phenylethylamines. Methamphetamine acts as a dopaminergic and adrenergic reuptake inhibitor and in high concentrations as a monamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Since it stimulates the mesolimbic reward pathway, causing euphoria and excitement, it is prone to abuse and addiction.Methamphetamines: amphetamine (Benzedrine), dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine), MD Read more:Substance
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