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The Great Sphinx -1 2008-06-18 15:49:00 In a depression to the south of Khafre's pyramid at Giza near Cairo sits a huge creature with the head of a human and a lion's body. This monumental statue, the first truly colossal royal sculpture in Egypt, known as the Great
Sphinx, is a national symbol of Egypt, both ancient and modern.It has stirred the imagination of poets, scholars, adventurers and tourists for centuries and has also inspire
The Giza 2008-06-18 15:38:00 Giza is, of course, the home of Egypt's best known pyramids, including the largest one in Egypt, that of Khufu, the only remaining wonder of the ancient world. This is were the Egyptian pyramids matured.Giza is actually one of several necropolises that served the ancient city of the White Walls, otherwise known to the Greeks as Memphis.In addition to the major pyramids, there are also at least six
Egyptian Pyramids 2008-06-18 15:34:00 There are no more famous ancient sites within Egypt, or for that matter elsewhere in the world, than the Great Pyramids at Giza. They are, without question, the icon most associated with the Egypt. They have been both the main destination for tourists, and a source of imaginative thought to the world for over three thousand years.However, there are actually over 100 pyramids in Egypt, many of whic Read more:Egyptian
Ancient Egypt 2008-06-18 15:32:00 For many, the scope of Egypt
's history is difficult to comprehend. Its history covers some five thousand years, and encompasses the origin of civilization, the rise of the Greeks and Romans, the establishment of the Jewish, Christian and Islamic religions, the colonial era when first France and then the English ruled the country, and finally, a return to independence. Egypt has played an important Read more:Ancient
Egyptian Interaction with the Middle East 2008-06-18 15:23:00 Egypt has a rich and fascinating history with the Middle East
. Although Egypt is the best known and most researched empire in the area, the others in the Middle East contributed to its grandeur. No culture has ever began with only its own traditions and methods. Other cultures from the area contribute to all the things that distinguish one culture from another. Interaction
between Egypt and its ne Read more:Egyptian
Military Technology 2008-06-18 15:14:00 Throughout ancient Egyptian history its military underwent many significant changes. During the Old Kingdom, a standing army was not kept but if there was a conflict, an army would be called and organized, composed of older, untrained men. During the First Intermediate Period, the core of the army consisted of house troops. This core was made up of conscripts (men who were drafted into the army) a Read more:Military
, Technology
The Temple of Edfu -5 2008-06-27 16:38:00 One of the most remarkable elements of the Temple
is the existence of a Nilometer, as well as a chapel, which was dedicated to the Goddess Nut.On various walls of the Temple, there are many battle scenes, as well as the famous scene of the ritual of the Temple foundation.The northern wall of the court shows the divine marriage of Hathor and Horus of Behdet, which was celebrated twice every year; o
The Temple of Edfu -4 2008-06-27 16:36:00 There are 2 consecutive vestibules; the outer one called the “hall of the offerings”, where the walls are decorated with various scenes representing the different deities and offering scenes of the different Ptolemaic Kings.The inner vestibule was called the “rest house of the Gods”.At the end of the Temple
is the sanctuary, which includes a niche of grey granite where a statue of the God
The Temple of Edfu -3 2008-06-27 16:32:00 Next there is an open courtyard that contains columns with floral capitals on three sides.This open court was open to the public and was known as the court of the offerings, being the place where people could give their offering to the statue of the God.The Hypostyle Hall is rectangular and 12 columns support its roof. On both sides of the entrance to this hall stands a statue of Horus of Behdet, Read more:Temple
The Temple of Edfu -2 2008-06-27 16:30:00 Edfu Temple
consists of traditional elements of Egyptian Temples of the New Kingdom, together with a few Greek elements, such as the Mamisi, which is situated to the west of the main entrance of the Temple (Mamisi means “house of the divine birth”).It consists of an entrance, a court and chapel.The walls of the mamisi are decorated with scenes showing the story of the divine birth of Horus the
The Temple of Edfu -1 2008-06-27 16:25:00 Edfu is located 60Km to the north of Aswan. It was the 2nd Nome of Upper Egypt and the centre of the cult of a triad of Gods, which consisted of Horus of Behdet, Hathor, and their son, Hor-Sama-Tawy. In the old Greek documents, Edfu was known as “Apollopolis Magna” because the Greeks identified Horus with their God Apollo.Edfu was a flourishing city in Ancient Times. Today, the most important Read more:Temple
Edfu Temple 2008-06-27 16:19:00 Between Aswan and Luxor is located the major Ptolemaic temple of Edfu - the best preserved major temple in Egypt. The temple is dedicated to the falcon god Horus and was built over a 180-year period from 237 BC to 57 BCMost visitors to the temple arrive by cruise boat and then take a horse-drawn carriage to the temple where vendors are ready to sell you all manner of souvenirs.Inside the temple's Read more:Temple
a mummy 2008-06-25 16:30:00 A mummy from the Chachapoyas culture is displayed in the Museum of The Nation before an exhibition in Lima, Jan. 9, 2007.A mummy from the Chachapoyas culture is displayed in the Museum of The Nation before an exhibition in Lima, Peru, January 9, 2007.
Egyptian Pyramids 2008-07-29 16:22:00 The Egyptian
s continued to construct taller and taller pyramids and started smoothing out the jagged edges of stepped pyramids. One of the earliest attempts was the Meidum pyramid, in 2570 B.C. It had seven steps progressing to eight, but it collapsed and was abandoned.Pyramid designers learned that if pyramids were going to be higher and have steeper slopes, their bases needed to be wider. At Dah
How Pyramids Work-3 2008-07-29 16:14:00 The pyramids were built of limestone, granite, basalt, gypsum (mortar), and baked mud bricks. Limestone blocks were quarried at Giza and possibly other sites. Granite likely came from upriver at Aswan.Alabaster came from Luxor and basalt from the Fayoum depressionIron tools were not available, so workers used copper and stone-cutting tools to carve out the blocks in the quarries. They then used le
How Pyramids Work-2 2008-07-29 16:10:00 How Were the Pyramids Built?Pyramid construction is a continuously debated topic. There are no existing records of building plans or discussions of construction methods, so no one knows exactly what happened. Of course, archaeologists and engineers have plenty of ideas -- some sound far-fetched and others seem more reasonable. We'll use the Giza pyramids as an example because we have the most info
How Pyramids Work -1 2008-07-29 16:05:00 The Great Pyramid of KhufuThe Giza pyramid complex, on the west bank of the Nile, is the most famous group of pyramids in the world. As we discussed earlier, the grandest pyramid was built for Sneferu's son, Khufu, in 2540 B.C. The two smaller pyramids nearby were for Khufu's son, Khafre, and his grandson, Menkaure. After this dynasty, great pyramid building stopped, probably because of the time a
Pyramid of Userkaf 2008-07-29 16:00:00 There are over 100 pyramids in Egypt. Many, like the pyramid of Userkaf located near the step pyramid of Djoser, have become piles of rubble.This pyramid was built during the 5th dynasty Read more:Pyramid
Inside The Red Pyramid 2008-07-29 15:52:00 Now, you enter the Red Pyramid
for the first time.The original height of the pyramid was approximately 343 feet, while each side measured 722 feet. Modern steps have been installed to ease the ascension to the opening which is 94 feet above the ground level and between 12 - 13 feet east of center. Here is the internal layout of the pyramid, which consists of three chambers:The first passageway des
Red Pyramid 2008-07-29 15:50:00 The Red Pyramid
was built by Senefru and is 105 meters tall. It is the third tallest pyramid in Egypt, after the Cheops and Chefren pyramids in Giza.The Red Pyramid is considered to be the first true pyramid and is made of sandstone. The entrance is made of red stones.
Step Pyramid of Djoser 2008-07-29 15:46:00 The step pyramid of Djoser is located at Saqqara, just south of Memphis. The pyramid started out as a mastaba. It was then expanded six different times to six levels to the height of over 200 feet.The architect credited with it's designs was the kings vizier named Imhotep.This marks a large step in architectural design and size of buildings among early people. The pyramid was built during the 3rd Read more:Pyramid
Bent Pyramid of Dashur 2008-07-29 15:44:00 The Bent Pyramid
in Dashur was built during the end of the reign of Humi of Dynasty III into the beginning of Sneferu's reign which started the Forth Dynasty.The uniqueness of this pyramid is in the fact the angle of the wall was changed in mid-construction. It started at 55° up to 154 feet. The angle then was changed to 43° from there to the top of the pyramid. The total height of the pyramid w
Pyramid of Menkura 2008-07-29 15:39:00 This third built for Menkura, grandson of Khufu, is much small then the other two on the Giza plateau. It's height is 218 feet, less than half of the other two pyramids.The base measures 343 feet. Next to the pyramid are three much small pyramids. Read more:Pyramid
Pyramid of Khafre 2008-07-29 15:34:00 The second largest pyramid is that of King Khephren, son of Khufu. This originally stood 473 feet high. It appears to be taller than Khufu's pyramid, because it is built on higher ground.The pyramids base is about 706 feet long. In front of the pyramid is a causeway which leads to a valley temple.Near the valley temple the famous sphinx was carved out of an outcrop of limestone. Read more:Pyramid
Great Pyramid of Khufu 2008-07-29 15:32:00 The GreatPyramid
of Khufu (Cheops) is one of the largest structures built by man even today, 4,500 years later. It is estimate that 2.3 million blocks averaging 2.5 tons a piece were used in the building the pyramid.Weight of the block ranged from 2 to 15 tons. The pyramid sits on 13.5 acres of land and is a height of 480 feet. The length of its sides are 756 feet. It is estimated to have taken 1
Pyramids 2008-07-29 15:21:00 The great pyramids of Giza are located just south of present day Cairo. The three pyramids were built during the 4th dynasty of Egypt. They pyramids are those of Khufu (Cheops), Khafre (Chephren), and Menkure (Mycerinus). They were constructed over 4,500 years ago and show us the power and wealth of the pharaoh in the Old Kingdom. Each had a mortuary temple and causeway.Below is a basic map and la
Egypt's Colonial Period 2008-07-25 08:08:00 French OccupationNapoleon Bonaparte sailed to Egypt
in the 1790's while on his way to India. The French and the British had been fighting and having wars, trying to expand their borders for foreign trade. When Napoleon landed in Egypt, the farmers and peasants fought him. He finally made it to Cairo and demanded to set up a ruling government of 10 people to oversee the country. The Egyptians were Read more:Period
Egypt's Archaic Islamic Period 2008-07-25 07:59:00 Islam started in the Arabian Peninsula about the same time the Christians were being persecuted by the Romans for their beliefs.Islam spread quickly, and it was not long before the Arab Islamic
State was able to free Egypt
from the horrible reign of terror by Rome. Amr Bin Al Aas conquered the Romans in 640 AD and Egypt was bound to Islam as its greatest supporter.There were several different peri Read more:Period
Egypt's Greco-Roman Period 2008-07-25 07:50:00 Alexander the Great's liberation of Egypt
from Persian rule was the end of the Egyptian kings for quite some time. He built a new capital in Egypt where the Nile meets the Mediterranean sea, and called it Alexandria.After Alexander's death the empire split into many parts, with the most powerful generals each ruling a section. Egypt eventually fell under the reign of Ptolemy. The Greeks did adopt Read more:Period
, Roman
Egypt's Dynastic Period 2008-07-25 07:15:00 Predynastic Period
(5500 - 3100 BC)In the Predynastic Period of Ancient Egypt
, people evolved from hunters and gatherers using stone weapons into an organized central society.Animals such as donkeys are tamed and used in daily life, not just for food. Egyptians trace their roots back to a land they called Punt. At first, Egypt is ruled by many kings, each one fighting with others to try to take ov
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