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Trojan Programs - PSW Trojans 1970-01-01 00:59:59 This family of Trojan
s steals passwords, normally system passwords from victim machines. They search for system files which contain confidential information such as passwords and Internet access telephone numbers and then send this information to an email address coded into the body of the Trojan. It will then be retrieved by the 'master' or user of the illegal program.Some PSW Trojans
steal other types of information such as:- System details (memory, disk space, operating system details) - Local email client - IP-address - Registration details - Passwords for on-line games Trojan-AOL are PSW Trojans that steal passwords for aol (American Online) They are contained in a sub-groups because they are so numerous. Read more:Programs
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Trojan Programs - Trojan Clickers 1970-01-01 00:59:59 This family of Trojan
s redirects victim machines to specified websites or other Internet resources. Clickers either send the necessary commands to the browser or replace system files where standard Internet urls are stored (e.g. the 'hosts' file in MS Windows).Clickers are used:- To raise the hit-count of a specific site for advertising purposes - To organize a DoS attack on a specified server or site - To lead the victim to an infected resource where the machine will be attacked by other malware (viruses or Trojans) Read more:Programs
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Trojan Programs - General Trojans 1970-01-01 00:59:59 This loose category includes a variety of Trojan
s that damage victim machines or threaten data integrity, or impair the functioning of the victim machine.Multi-purpose Trojans
are also included in this group, as some virus writers create multi-functional Trojans rather than Trojan packs. Read more:Programs
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Trojan Programs - Backdoors 1970-01-01 00:59:59 Today backdoors are the most dangerous type of Trojan
s and the most widespread. These Trojans are remote administration utilities that open infected machines to external control via a LAN or the Internet. They function in the same way as legal remote administration programs used by system administrators. This makes them difficult to detect.The only difference between a legal administration tool and a backdoor is that backdoors are installed and launched without the knowledge or consent of the user of the victim machine. Once the backdoor is launched, it monitors the local system without the user's knowledge; often the backdoor will not be visible in the log of active programs.Once a remote administration utilitiy has been successfully installed and launched, the victim machine is wide open. Backdoor functions can include:- Sending/ receiving files - Launching/ deleting files - Executing files - Displaying notification - Deleting data - Rebooting the machine In other words, backdoors a Read more:Programs
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Adware 1970-01-01 00:59:59 Adware or advertising-supported software is any software package which automatically plays, displays, or downloads advertising material to a computer after the software is installed on it or while the application is being used.There are concerns about adware because it often takes the form of spyware, in which information about the user's activity is tracked, reported, and often re-sold, often without the knowledge or consent of the user. Of even greater concern is malware, which may interfere with the function of other software applications, in order to force users to visit a particular web site. It is not uncommon for people to confuse "adware" with spyware and "malware", especially since these concepts overlap. For example, if one user installs "adware" on a computer, and consents to a tracking feature, the "adware" becomes spyware when another user visits that computer, and interacts with and is tracked by the "adware" without their consent. Spyware has prompted an outcry from com
Trojan Programs - Trojan Downloaders 1970-01-01 00:59:59 This family of Trojan
s downloads and installs new malware or adware on the victim machine. The downloader then either launches the new malware or registers it to enable autorun according to the local operating system requirements. All of this is done without the knowledge or consent of the user.The names and locations of malware to be downloaded are either coded into the Trojan or downloaded from a specified website or other Internet location. Read more:Programs
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Trojan Programs - Trojan Droppers 1970-01-01 00:59:59 These Trojan
s are used to install other malware on victim machines without the knowledge of the user. Droppers install their payload either without displaying any notification, or displaying a false message about an error in an archived file or in the operating system. The new malware is dropped to a specified location on a local disk and then launched.Droppers are normally structured in the following way:Main filecontains the dropper payload File 1first payload File 2second payload ...as many files as the coder chooses to include The dropper functionality contains code to install and execute all of the payload files.In most cases, the payload contains other Trojans and at least one hoax: jokes, games, graphics and so forth. The hoax is meant to distract the user or to prove that the activity caused by the dropper is harmless, whereas it actually serves to mask the installation of the dangerous payload.Hackers using such programs achieve two objectives:- Hidden or masked installati Read more:Programs
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Trojan Programs - Rootkits 1970-01-01 00:59:59 A rootkit is a collection of programs used by a hacker to evade detection while trying to gain unauthorized access to a computer. This is done either by replacing system files or libraries, or by installing a kernel module. The hacker installs the rootkit after obtaining user-level access: typically this is done by cracking a password or by exploiting a vulnerability. This is then used to gather other user IDs until the hacker gains root, or administrator, access to the system.The term originated in the Unix world, although it has since been applied to the techniques used by authors of Windows-based Trojan
s to conceal their actions. Rootkits
have been used increasingly as a form of stealth to hide Trojan activity, something that is made easier because many Windows users log in with administrator rights. Read more:Programs
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Trojan Programs - ArcBombs 1970-01-01 00:59:59 These Trojan
s are archived files coded to sabotage the de-compressor when it attempts to open the infected archived file. The victim machine will slow or crash when the Trojan bomb explodes, or the disk will be filled with nonsense data. ArcBombs are especially dangerous for servers, particularly when incoming data is initially processed automatically: in such cases, an ArcBomb can crash the server.There are three types of ArcBombs: incorrect header in the archive, repeating data and a series of identical files in the archive.An incorrect archive header or corrupted data can both cause the de-compressor to crash when opening and unpacking the infected archive.A large file containing repeating data can be packed into a very small archive: 5 gigabytes will be 200 KB when packed using RAR and 480 KB in ZIP format.Moreover, special technologies exist to pack an enormous number of identical files in one archive without significantly affecting the size of the archive itself: for instance, it Read more:Programs
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Trojan Programs - Trojan Notifiers 1970-01-01 00:59:59 These Trojan
s inform the 'master' about an infected machine. Notifiers confirm that a machine has been successfully infected, and send information about IP-address, open port numbers, the email address etc. of the victim machine. This information may be sent by email, to the master's website, or by ICQ.Notifiers are usually included in a Trojan 'pack' and used only to inform the master that a Trojan has been successfully installed on the victim machine. Read more:Programs
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Trojan Programs - Trojan Spies 1970-01-01 00:59:59 This family includes a variety of spy programs and key loggers, all of which track and save user activity on the victim machine and then forward this information to the master. Trojan
-spies collect a range of information including:- Keystrokes - Screenshots - Logs of active applications - Other user actions These Trojans are most often used to steal banking and other financial information to support online fraud. Read more:Programs
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Trojan Programs - Trojan Proxies 1970-01-01 00:59:59 Trojan Proxies
These Trojans function as a proxy server and provide anonymous access to the Internet from victim machines. Today these Trojans are very popular with spammers who always need additional machines for mass mailings. Virus coders will often include Trojan-proxies in Trojan packs and sell networks of infected machines to spammers. Read more:Trojan
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