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Privacy Policy for broadcasthardware.blogspot.com 2008-03-18 20:57:17 Privacy Policy
for broadcasthardware.blogspot
.comIf you require any more information or have any questions about our privacy policy, please feel free to contact us by email at bhard@telkom.net.At broadcasthardware.blogspot.com, the privacy of our visitors is of extreme importance to us. This privacy policy document outlines the types of personal information is received and collected by broadcasthardware.blogspot.com and how it is used.Log FilesLike many other Web sites, broadcasthardware.blogspot.com makes use of log files. The information inside the log files includes internet protocol ( IP ) addresses, type of browser, Internet Service Provider ( ISP ), date/time stamp, referring/exit pages, and number of clicks to analyze trends, administer the site, track user’s movement around the s Read more:Privacy
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Microwave Power Meter #2 2008-03-22 17:26:06 Some remarksThe input circuit determines the frequency characteristics of the meter. When using Schottky diodes like 1SS99 or HP5082/2800 and a 'microwave' design of the input circuit (C_in: use a smd type, 50 ohm terminator: use 2 smd resistors of 100 Ohm), proper earth etc, a reasonably flat frequency characteristic up to 1.5 GHz is easy to obtain. When the input C (C_in) is reduced to about 20 pF, and BAT14 diodes are used as the detector, proper measurements up to 3.5 GHz (+/- 1 dB) can be obtained. In this case the meter will also detect 10 GHz signals, but the frequency characteristic (above 3.5 GHz) of the input circuit is far from flat, so no real power measurement can be done on these frequencies. As an experiment C_in was reduced to 0.68 pF and the diodes used are BAT14. Power ca Read more:Meter
Wideband Amplifer 470-860 MHz For TV Transmitter #2 2008-03-22 17:14:40 MECHANICAL MACHINING OF THE HEATSINKThe raised edges at the top side of the heatsink have been removed because the printed circuit board has a width of 113 mm (see Fig.3). To fit the heatsink to the printed-circuit board the following machinings have been carried out:Rectangular holes of 2.8 mm deep have been mould in the heatsink because the transistor leads have to be soldered on the printed-circuit board. Also it was necessary to make avings of 4 mm wide and 0.6 mm deep at the positions of the straps on the printed-circuit board. The transistors have been fastened with M 2.5 screws in the heatsink (see Fig.4). To achieve that the printed-circuit board lays tight to the heatsink also savings have been made in the heatsink on the spots of the 8 rivets through the printed-circuit board. Fo Read more:Wideband
, Transmitter
Microwave Homemade Outdoor Antenna 2.4 GHz #2 2008-03-22 17:01:42 If the inner wire is made from rod it is good idea to drill axially a 3 mm hole on the end of it so the rod can be solder firmly to the inner tap of the N connector. The length of the rod becomes about L/4, but it is better first to leave it longer and cut it later after the parts are first pre-assembled.The copper conduit must be split with a metal saw as accurately as possible and deburred with a file. The end of the split conduit is then fastened to the centre of the pan. It is not possible to solder it directly to aluminium but we made a flange from tinned steel sheet to same dimensions as the flange of the N connector. In the middle of the flange is drilled a hole equal the outer dia of the conduit and four 3.5 mm holes as in the N connector. The one end of the split conduit is then s Read more:Antenna
Horizontal Polarized UHF Panel TV Antenna 2008-03-27 06:37:05 This UHF PanelAntenna
designed for broadband TV Transmission Antenna in UHF Band IV and V. For broadband use, try to design adapter 50 Ohm to 260-300 Ohm for mid band frequency of 470-860 MHz. With 50 Ohm Antenna Impedance input that composed from dual single antenna, you need two lines transmssion adapter (Antenna Power Divider) for combining. Combining two single antenna in order to increase antenna intensity (dB)If you want to constuct this panel antenna type, use this reference on images below:Stacking more panels it's possible to obtain customized patterns, increse the gain and the power handling capacity according to your requirements. Datasheet reference. Read more:Horizontal
CATV amplifier module BGX881 2008-03-30 11:31:44 DescriptionThis CATV amplifier module is a product of Philips Semiconductor, hybrid amplifier module CATV systems operating over frequency range of 40-860 MHz at a voltage supply of 24V DC with features :· Excellent linearity· Extremely low noise· Silicon nitride passivation· Rugged construction· Gold metallization ensures excellent reliability.This CATV Module can be used to amplify your CATV Modulator for 13 dB. And in my technical experiences in tv transmitter it can not only used on cable media, but also it can be used on air via a suitable antenna. With Adding a TV low pass filter you are able to transmit your video for 1 km.CircuitComponentsC1, C3, C4 ceramic multilayer capacitor 1nFC2 ceramic multilayer capacitor 1nF(max)R resistor 200 Ohm 1WPin
AV Modulator for UHF Band NJM2259 2008-03-30 10:22:45 The NJM2259 is a RF modulator IC especially designed for UHF band RF modulator and consists of video clamp circuit, white clip circuit, video AM modulator and audio FM modulator, built into one chip. (datasheet)FEATURES :• Operating Voltage 5V• Picture-to-sound ratio is adjustable• Audio ripple is decreased by two internal regulators• Audio input circuit with low shock noise• Carrier-off switch function on chip• Bipolar Technology• Package Outline : DMP16
PLL TV RF Modulator CXA1929 2008-04-06 07:43:05 Fully synthesized I2C controlled UHF/VHF TV RF Modulator compatible with PAL and NTSC video formats.Features• Minimal adjustment of external components• For use on VHF and UHF TV Frequencies• Video RF carrier frequency programmable in 125kHz steps• ATT Driver• I2C control of:a. Video RF Carrier Frequencyb. Sound Carrier Frequencyc. Modulation Depth (±2.5 % Typ.)d. FM Deviation (±7 % Typ.)e. P/S ratio (±1 dB Typ.)f. Nicam output enable to sleepg. Video RF carrier enable to sleep• On chip Regulator 3.1 V (datasheet)Functional Description of RF Modulator SystemA block diagram of the RF modulator is shown in datasheet The composite video signal passes through an amplitude limiting circuit and a digitally controlled modulation depth adjustment circuit. By means of three allocated
TV Video Modulator With LM2889 2008-04-14 01:56:50 The LM2889 is designed to interface audio and video signals to the antenna terminals of a TV receiver. It consists of a sound subcarrier oscillator and FM modulator, video clamp, and RF oscillators and modulators for two low-VHF channels.The LM2889 allows video information from VTRs, video disk systems, games, test equipment, or similar sources to be displayed on black and white or color TV receivers.Features:* Pin for pin compatible with LM1889 RF section* Low distortion FM sound modulator (less than 1% THD)* Video clamp for AC-coupled video* Low sound oscillator harmonic levels* 10V to 16V supply operation* DC channel switching* Excellent oscillator stability* Low intermodulation productsDownload datasheet - Application Note For Stereo Audio
Video Modulator With PLL Output 2008-04-14 01:38:11 Circuit DescriptionOscillatorThe RF-oscillator is available at pins 3-7. The oscillator operates as a symmetrical Colpitts circuit. The oscillator chip ground, pin 5, should be connected to ground at the resonance circuit shielding point. An external oscillator can be injected inductively or capacitively via pins 3 and 7. The layout of the PCB should be such as to provide a minimum shielding attenuation between the oscillator pins 3-7 and modulator output pins 15-17 of approximately 80 dB.For optimal residual carrier suppression, the symmetrical mixer outputs at pins 15, 17 should be connected to a matched balanced-to-unbalanced broadband transformer, e.g. a Guanella transformer with good phase precision at 0o and 180o. The transmission loss should be less than 3 dB. In addition, an LC-low Read more:Output
RF Power Meter 0-500MHz With PIC16F876 2008-04-14 01:32:28 RF Measurement has been an expensive work so far the cost of measuring instruments are concerned. RF Meter
is based on PIC16F876 microcontroller, AD8307 and 2x20 LCD display. Frequency range measurement is 0-500 MHz and Full documentation is included.This power meter kit has two push buttons to control the functions. Very cost effective and simple to use. 4 Push buttons used in this kit are right angle type and are sufficiently long enough to come out of the box, if you decide to house this meter in a case.Download Project Domumentation, Schematic, Hex Code, and Visit page
30W UHF RF Power Amplifier For 440 MHz 2008-04-15 07:40:26 This Power Amplifier
application works on UHF band frequency 440 Mhz and uses as UHF repeater power amplifier. Power amplifier out 30 watts (5 dB gain) use a single transistor 2SD1434 For driving the amplifier use 10-14 watt input with output power range 30-45 watts. Please see datasheet sample design for 470 MHz (SD1434.pdf) and Amplifier Application produced by Hamtronics.Other use of the power amplifier is for online covering broadcast (STL). If you use stereo encoder on exciter, so please use down converter with 340 MHz oscillator frequency direct to FM broadcast receiver. Read more:Power Amplifier
Miniature Telemetry Transmitter Applications 2008-04-20 17:39:33 IntroductionThe goal of this project was to build a small, cheap, light-weight telemetry transmitter to attach to a small bird.Specifically:* Telemetry Tranmission should be tuned to the 2-meter band.* Battery life in the field should exceed 3 months without replacement.* Range should be 500 meters.* Weight less than 10 gramsThe CircuitThis wireless telemetry transmitter circuit shown was originally designed by William Cochran (1), with modifications by Charles Walcott. Physical layout of the circuitA test version of the circuit was constructed in a 5x2 chunk of IDC female header plug so that the crystal and transistor could be easily changed. The tank coil can be seen on the right in either photo below. The brown/white wire to the right is the antenna. Power supply leads extend to the lef Read more:Transmitter
, Applications
Audio Video Distribution Amplifier 2008-04-20 17:39:02 With the amount of equipment in home entertainment centers today the need to be able to vary the gain of the audio or video signal is needed. I found this particular circuit helpful when used in conjunction with the Universal Descrambler and a Stabilizer circuit I built for making copies of video tapes. It not only allowed me the ability to fine tune the video strength it also helped me increase the recorded audio which typically becomes poor when making tape copies.This circuit is an audio video distribution amplifier that splits to other channel for audio and video. Circuit operation is straight forward for amplifier circuits. The second channel for the audio amplifier is made up of the same components except the other half of IC1 is used. Pin 6 & 5 are inputs and 7 is the output. Read more:Audio
, Amplifier
Telemetry Transmitter 2008-04-20 17:04:27 Telemetry or "remote measurement" is a highly automated communications process by which measurements are made and other data collected at remote, inaccessible or dangerous places, and then relayed by a telemetry transmitter to receiving stations for display, monitoring, and recording. The original telemetry systems were termed "supervisory" because they were used to monitor electric power distribution. Communication channels form a major part of any telemetry system, as it involves measurement of the transmission of data over various mediums.Telemetry transmitter is the instrument used for recording the readings of an instrument and transmitting them by radio or wireless frequencies. Technically, when relaying data, it is necessary for the transmitter to identify the data item correspondin Read more:Transmitter
RF Signal Generator 2008-04-20 12:38:23 A signal generator, also known variously as a test signal generator, function generator, tone generator, arbitrary waveform generator, or frequency generator is an electronic device that generates repeating electronic signals (in either the analog or digital domains). They are generally used in designing, testing, troubleshooting, and repairing electronic or electroacoustic devices; though they often have artistic uses as well.There are many different types of signal generators, with different purposes and applications (and at varying levels of expense); in general, no device is suitable for all possible applications.General purpose signal generatorsFunction generatorsA function generator is a device which produces simple repetitive waveforms. Such devices contain an electronic oscillator, Read more:Generator
Categories of Quartz Crystal Oscillators 2008-04-20 12:21:04 Basic Technology of Quartz Crystal
OscillatorsQuartz crystal oscillator is a timing device consisting of quartz crystal resonator and an oscillation circuit to generate an output waveform at specified frequency. It can be classified into four main categories based on its typical applications.XO - Crystal OscillatorTemperature Compensated Crystal OscillatorThe device has temperature compensation circuit to suppress output frequency deviation caused by surrounding temperature. That is, e.g. the output signal from a temperature sensor (e.g., a thermistor) is used to generate a correction voltage that is applied to a variable reactance (e.g., a varactor) in the crystal network. The reactance variations compensate for the crystal's F vs. T characteristic. Analog TCXO can provide about a 20X Read more:Categories
What is Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillators? 2008-04-20 12:06:54 The temperature stability of a basic crystal oscillator can be improved by incorporating in the oscillator circuit components with temperature characteristics approximately equal to and opposite from that of the crystal.Typical Applications:PCS Base StationsLand Mobile RadioCellular TelephonyRadio in the Local LoopFeatures:EFC StandardLow ProfileSmall Size100 % RoHS compliantTemperature
compensated crystal oscillators (TXCO) typically employ a thermistor network to generate a correction voltage which reduces the frequency variation over temperature. The correction voltage is usually applied to a varactor diode in the crystal circuit such that the crystal frequency may be varied by a small amount. TCXO stability can approach 0.1 PPM but several problems must be addressed. A TCXO that reside Read more:Crystal
Create an Electronic Circuit Design in Minutes 2008-04-30 07:00:54 If you want to create a Printed Circuit
Board (PCB), You need circuit software for drawing the Circuit design in order to translate the circuit boards prototype into a schematic diagram. Start with the exact template you need—not just a blank screen. Then easily customize to fit your needs with thousands of ready-made symbols you can stamp directly onto your image.Create electrical and electronic circuit diagrams, schematics, and more with SmartDraw.Download SmartDraw Electronic
Circuit Design Software FREE!Discover why SmartDraw is the World's Most Popular Business Graphics Software. Our electronic circuit design software is fast and easy.You can try SmartDraw electronic circuit design software FREE with no obligation.
Very Low Power FM Transmitter on UHF Band 2008-04-30 06:50:43 CC1050 (CHIPCON) is RF Integrated Circuit UHF transmitter designed for very low power and very low voltage wireless applications. The circuit is mainly intended for the ISM Industrial, Scientific and Medical) and SRD (Short Range Device) frequency bands at 315, 433, 868 and 915 MHz, but can easily be programmed for operation at other frequencies in the 300-1000 MHz range.The main operating parameters of CC1050 via an easy-tointerface serial bus can be programmed, thus making CC1050 a very flexible and easy to use transmitter. In a typical system CC1050 will be used together with a microcontroller and a few external passive components. CC1050 is based on Chipcon’s SmartRF® technology in 0.35 µm CMOS.Application Schematic and DatasheetFeatures• True single chip UHF RF transmitter• Ve Read more:Transmitter
Electronic Fax Circuit 2008-05-01 19:27:37 You can build the electronic fax circuit below to cut wear and tear on your fax machine while saving power. If your fax machine has a dedicated phone line, the circuit intercepts the incoming ring signal and powers up the fax machine in time to receive the fax. It then turns off the fax machine after a predetermined time and awaits the next incoming fax. A relay in the line-cord circuit of the machine provides the turn-on and -off functions. If you build the fax saver in a small, plastic, outlet-type box, you can plug the fax machine into the box and wire the phone line in parallel with the machine's phone line.The electronic fax circuit incorporates protection against phone-line transients and draws its power from the normal 48V dc on the phone line; you thus need to exercise care in rela Read more:Electronic
, Circuit
What Is Satellite Telemetry 2008-05-03 15:34:14 Transmitters, also called PTTs (Platform transmitter terminals) are attached to the animal whose long distance movements are to be studied. Once they are turned on, the transmitters send high frequency signals which are received by polar orbiting weather satellites. ARGOS, a French company, has equipment on board these satellites for tracking animal movements.The transmissions are first decoded to identify the transmitter, each of which has a unique code and then the position of the transmitter is calculated. The data is then downloaded by ARGOS. Once the data is received, the latitudes and longitudes can be plotted on a map and the migratory routes of the animals can be traced. The data is classified by ARGOS depending on the quality of the data received by the satellite. LC 1, 2 and 3 a Read more:Satellite
Wireless Telemetry System With Frequency Division Multiplexing 2008-05-03 10:30:02 This Wireless
Telemetry System
acquires several different sensor inputs, FM modulates each level by manipulating Direct Digital Synthesis increment values, transmits the resulting signal on a commercial FM radio band, and receives and decodes the original sensor levels.Multi sensor Wireless telemetry system with FrequencyDivision
Multiplexing (FDM).Wireless Telemetry System - LinkRelated Post:Miniature Telemetry Transmitter Applications - LinkTelemetry Transmitter - Link
Microwave Power Dividers 2008-05-06 16:05:30 Power dividers and combiners are used in microwave frequencies because of the different behavior of circuits. In microwave frequencies, the modeling of the circuits are different from the expected lumped model. Therefore, power dividers in microwave frequencies are not just resistive power dividers as in the low frequency or DC model.The important issues while using power dividers, are the specifications or properties of the dividers. In microwave frequency applications, for example power can be reflected from the output ports. Then to avoid the reflected power expected power divider should satisfy the maximum power transfer theory, which says the impedance of the load should be the complex conjugate of the impedance seen from the load end when load is not connected. This is called "matchi
RF Cables 2008-05-12 05:07:16 Coaxial cables are used for all antenna connections. There are three types in common usage and they are listed in the table below. Cable losses (the amount of signal lost in the cable) are significant at the frequency of 1800MHz used by Orange (Remember many Radars work at lower frequencies than this - never mind phones.). To reduce cable losses cable runs should always be kept as short as pos
WLAN High Linearity Power Amplifier 2008-05-11 15:45:30 The SST11LP12 is a high-power, high-gain power amplifier based on the highly-reliable InGaP/ GaAs HBT technology. The SST11LP12 can be easily configured for high-power, high-efficiency applications with superb power-added efficiency while operating over the entire 802.11a frequency band for U.S., European, and Japanese markets (4.9-5.8GHz). It typically provides 35 dB gain with 16% poweradded effi Read more:Amplifier
Low Power RF Amplifier for 88-108 MHz 2008-05-11 15:45:07 This application use a common NPN RF transistor called 2SC1970. You can also use other transistors like 2N4427 and some others. Check datasheets to se how much power the transistor can handle. 2SC1970 will handle 1.3W and 2SC1971 up to 6W. Most transistor has a power gain of 10dB meaning 10 times power amplification.This is the reason why you must use several stages to achieve a strong transmitte Read more:Amplifier
Stereo audio Compressor 2008-05-12 20:52:22 An Audio Compressor
is an essential tool for audio processing and it is commonly found in recording studios. Most recording studios have a selection of compressors, each chosen for some specialized feature or nuance. Your home may not be a professional recording studio, but you do need our Stereo
Compressor, so read on.As the device's name implies, the Stereo Compressor compresses or limitsthe dy
Dynamic Audio Compressor 2008-05-12 20:28:37 Dynamic compander is a special amplifier whoose gain is controlled with the level of the signal input to the same amplifier. The change to the gain is made "slow" so that the amplifier has a linear response locally in time, but on a larger time scale (seconds) its gain varies according to some law. Generally, one differs two kinds of companders: compressors and expanders. A compressor "squeezes" t Read more:Compressor
, Dynamic
, Audio
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