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Diabetes:Cause of insulin resistance
2007-08-17 21:38:45
People with Type 2 diabetes have insulin resistance and the resistance may precede the diabetes by many years. In the insulin-resistant state, glucose is not converted to muscle glyco-gen under the influence of insulin. This failure may be due to poor transport of glucose into the muscle cell or poor conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate [...]
Read more: Cause , Diabetes

Infant feeding and HIV transmission
2007-08-17 21:36:37
In industrialised countries HIV-infected mothers are advised not to breastfeed. In developing countries the hazards of bottle feeding may outweigh the potential benefit from avoiding transmission of HIV infection to the child. A study in South Africa has provided more data.
Read more: Infant

Perinatal HIV transmission
2007-08-16 21:50:31
Perinatal HIV transmission - 1 Risk factors for mother-to-baby transmission of HIV-1 infection were worked out before zidovudine treatment of mother and child became routine. Now US data have been used to assess risk factors in women treated with zidovudine.


Microbial keratitis with contact lenses
2007-08-16 21:49:07
Microbial keratitis occurs in contact lens wearers and may lead to corneal scarring or perforation. Workers in the Netherlands collected nationwide data over a period of 3 months in 1996.
Read more: lenses , Microbial

Exercise for low back pain
2007-08-16 21:47:54
Specific exercises for acute back pain have not been proved effective but a general exercise programme may be beneficial for chronic back pain. Researchers in York, England have performed a controlled trial.
Read more: Exercise

Did I inherit my mother’s arthritis?
2007-08-16 08:37:43
Symptom Anna, a new mom in her 30s, was worried about the pain at the base of her thumb, where it met her wrist. Her mother had developed arthritis at a young age, and Anna was concerned that she might have the condition too. Exam The doctor had Anna tuck her thumb under the palm [...]
Read more: inherit

Do cell phones cause cancer?
2007-08-15 23:40:55
Officially, the jury is still out, but so far, the evidence is far more reassuring than alarming. Two large studies have found that even people who’ve regularly used cell phones for more than ten years are no more likely to develop a brain tumor than those who depend on their landlines. The radiation that cell [...]


When smoke or dust gets in your eye
2007-08-15 23:23:58
What you shouldn’t do: Rub your eye. You might scratch the surface, cautions Jack Prince, O.D., an optometrist at the Wilmer Eye Institute at Johns Hopkins in Baltimore. Blinking may wash the object out. Or, if you’re at home, lean over a sink, pull your lower lid down, and, keeping eye open, gently pour warm [...]


What to say for big discount
2007-08-15 04:48:28
Case 1: YOU Is this your best price for this armoire? THEM The price is marked. YOU Wasn’t this recently on sale? Do you think you could honor that recent sale price? I could wait for your next sale, but I’m sure I’ll find this cheaper somewhere else in the meantime. Case 2: YOU Oh, I see the box for [...]


Screening for lung cancer
2007-08-21 06:23:31
Studies of screening using chest radiography and sputum cytology over 20 years ago lead to it being accepted that lung cancer screening was not effective. Now, however, faults in these studies have been pointed out and improved technology has led to a fresh look at screening. Since cure rates of up to 70% can be [...]
Read more: Screening

Oncology:Micrometastases and breast cancer - long term
2007-08-21 06:22:32
Micrometastases in bone marrow are an indicator of poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer. Workers in London, England have reported long-term follow-up results. Three hundred and fifty women (median age 59, range 26-85) had surgery for breast cancer in 1981-86 after having multiple bone marrow aspirates taken for immunochemical examination using a polyclonal antibody to [...]


Cardiopulmonary:Abciximab plus stenting
2007-08-20 11:33:08
Abciximab (platelet surface glycoprotein Ilb/IIIa receptor-blocking monoclonal Fab fragment antibody) reduces the short-term ischaemic complications of coronary balloon angio-plasty. Coronary stenting reduces the longer-term hazards of restenosis. Now data from the EPISTENT trial in the USA have shown the benefit of combining abciximab and stenting. Some 2400 patients were randomised to abciximab plus stenting (AS), abciximab [...]


Cardiopulmonary:MI treatment in the elderly
2007-08-20 11:32:37
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) has advantages over early thrombolysis in the treatment of middle-aged patients with acute myocardial infarction. Now a US study has shown some benefit from PTCA in older patients. Of over 80 000 patients (mean age 73) who arrived at hospital within 12 hours of symptom onset and did not have cardiogenic [...]
Read more: elderly

Cardiopulmonary:Sex and MI outcome - 2
2007-08-18 23:08:37
The Global Use of Strategies to Open Occluded Coronary Arteries (GUSTO) IIb trial included 8480 men and 3662 women with acute coronary syndromes. Data from this trial have been re-examined for sex differences in presentation and outcome .


Cardiopulmonary:Sex and MI outcome - 1
2007-08-18 23:08:05
There is controversy about the relative risks of death soon after myocardial infarction in men and women after age and other risk factors are taken into account. A US study suggested that younger women (under 65) may be more at risk relative to men of the same age. Now the same workers have collected more [...]
Read more: outcome

Infection:Pneumococcal resistance to fluoroquinolones
2007-08-18 23:07:07
Newer fluoroquinolones have been recommended for the treatment of pneumococcal infections with Beta-lactam-resistant organisms. Now pneumococci with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones are becoming more prevalent in Canada.


Infection:HSV-2 vaccine - negative trial
2007-08-18 23:05:50
In recent decades the prevalence of infection with herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) has increased considerably in the United States as has the incidence of neonatal herpes. A vaccine trial has given disappointing results.


Tips from the home front
2007-08-25 09:24:12
RECYCLE IT *The insides of envelopes,cut to convenient size,make fine scratch paper. *Use junk-mail envelopes to hold your child’s weekly allowance, the money for the baby sitter or even store coupons. *Take cleaned foam trays and plastic containers to your local nursery school. Teachers can use these items for a variety of class art projects. *Don’t throw away that [...]


How to pick the right walking shoes
2007-08-24 05:51:29
Walking shoes need to be replaced every six months, and the sneaker above illustrates the most important features to shop for. But how do you know if the shoe fits? Sharon Barbano, a walking coach and a spokeswoman for Saucony, suggests these four simple tests: 1.FLEX: The front of the shoe-but not the arch-should bend easily. 2.WIGGLE: [...]


VANISHING VIDEOTAPE
2007-08-24 05:50:32
Months ago.I lent my wedding video to my friend Marissa so she could get some ideas for her own wedding. Well, her wedding has come and gone,and still don’t have my tape back! Every time I ask, she says she’s “so busy” and suggests I pick it up-but I’m pregnant and have a toddler at [...]


Snubbed buddy
2007-08-24 05:50:00
I recently introduced my best friend, Lois, to some girlfriends I hang out with occasionally. Over the past few months, we’ve spent time together as a group. Now, one of these women is throwing a party, and she isn’t inviting Lois. When I asked why, she said, “Lois just isn’t part of our circle. Sorry.” [...]


My daughter likes her friend mom
2007-08-24 05:49:23
My nine-year-old daughter, Ellie, has a friend , Amy, whose mother is a stay-at-home mom. Ellie is constantly telling me how Amy’s mom bakes cookies or makes doll dresses. It’s as if Ellie likes Amy’s mom more than she likes me! I work full-time, and I can’t be Martha Stewart-or compete with Amy’s mother. What should [...]


New rotavirus vaccine
2007-08-23 08:03:56
The tetravalent rotavirus vaccine currently licensed in the USA is based on rhesus rotavirus. It gives a protective efficacy against rotavirus disease in developed countries of some 50-70%, rising to 80% against severe disease. There are grounds to believe that a human virus vaccine might be more effective. Now US workers have assessed an attenuated [...]


Breastfeeding and childhood obesity
2007-08-23 08:02:30
Obesity in children is difficult to treat and may lead to adult obesity with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Evidence about the effect of breastfeeding on obesity in childhood has been scanty. Now workers in Munich, Germany have shown that prolonged breast feeding is associated with a reduced risk of later obesity.


Paediatrics:Birth asphyxia-brain damage test
2007-08-23 08:01:07
Most infants with birth asphyxia do well and it is difficult on clinical grounds to identify those who will develop hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy with a high risk of long-term brain damage. The possibility of neuroprotective therapy makes it important to be able to pick out such infants at an early stage. Now workers in Taiwan have [...]


Obstetrics & Gynaecology:Prostaglandin cervical ripening without induction
2007-08-23 07:59:55
Prostaglandin (PG) E2 gel is used to promote cervical ripening before induction of labour. Workers in Ohio, USA have assessed the effect of using the gel without proceeding to induction.
Read more: Obstetrics

Obstetrics & Gynaecology:Screening for Down’s syndrome
2007-08-23 07:58:38
Antenatal screening for Down’s syndrome relies on maternal age, various maternal serum measurements, and foetal ultra-sonography. Some tests are best done in the first trimester and some in the second. Positive screening tests lead to chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis. The sensitivity and specificity of present tests are not entirely satisfactory and research is aimed [...]
Read more: Obstetrics , Screening

Should You Be Tested for Diabetes?
2007-08-28 07:31:06
People at high risk for developing diabetes should be tested annually, says Alan J. Garber, M.D., professor of medicine at Baylor College of Medicine. Early diagnosis, before symptoms develop, means physicians can intervene to minimize complications, Garber says.
Read more: Diabetes

Are Breast Self-Exams Necessary?
2007-08-28 07:28:28
Can a monthly self-exam help women prevent breast cancer? Maybe not, though it may help detect benign tumors. For many years, researchers have said that women who self-examine their breasts periodically for tumor formation are less apt to develop breast cancer, since protective measures can be taken.
Read more: Breast , Necessary

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