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Two Qatar property firms are merging to withstand the economic pressures of the credit crunch.The latest firms are Barwa Real Estate BRES.QA, an affiliate of state-owned Qatari Diar, and Qatar Real Estate Investment Co QREC.QA.It is not the first merger to take place in Qatar, where property prices are plunging - with some prices falling by 50% in some outlying areas.The two companies have a combi

During the past few days we have discussed Five Resolutions for Solo Law Firms that look more like solid business practices. Here is an outline of some of the ideas we covered – in case you missed them: Resolution 1 – Make as Much Money as Possible If you are in a solo law firm – a private business that you own that helps people solve problems related to the law – and you do not make

The fifth resolution for solo law firms is, once again, a solid basic business practice. Don’t do anything (from a business development perspective) you can’t measure.  What you measure you can manage.  What you manage you can grow. This is an axiom that will pay big dividends for you from the moment you implement it. Here are three ways to apply it to your law firm marketing

There are many reasons to select a specialty and concentrate your marketing efforts toward dominating that area.  Yet most attorneys fail to do this effectively.  This happens partially because they lack the discipline and desire to define their practice as a specialty. This can be easily resolved by adjusting your approach toward the acquisition of new clients.  An effective

Fourteen tech firms have banded together to form a new industry alliance and cooperatively seek $1 billion to $2 billion in federal funding to create a center for the development and manufacture of domestic lithium ion batteries for transportation applications in the United States. The National Alliance for Advanced Transportation Battery Cell Manufacture is currently [...]

India's largest aluminum maker, the National Aluminum Company LTD (NALCO), and a company from United Arab Emirates (UAE) planed to spend 4 billion U.S. dollars to build a smelter and supporting infrastructure, including a power plant, in Tanjung Api-api, South Sumatra, Indonesia, a newspaper said here Saturday.The singing of the agreement was carried out on Friday."We will begin the construction s

Three law firms in The City of Brotherly Love have laid off lawyers or support staff in recent days. A spokesperson of Philadelphia’s Dechert LLP confirmed it has laid off 72 of its 570 administrative staff across its 11 US offices. The firm, which has about 1,000 lawyers, said it does not have plans [...]

Business Process Outsourcing companies (BPOs) are now focussing on providing process efficiency to domestic clients under the initiative ‘India for India’, a term coined by Genpact, relatively nascent but a promising one.In the last six to 12 months companies like Infosys, Genpact and others have focused on domestic clients for new businesses and aim to extend India operations. For the big pla

The Mumbai terror attacks have once again put Indian IT and business process outsourcing (BPO) firms on high alert. Over the next four to five weeks, many of these firms plan to meet or video-conference with their clients to update them of the country’s security scenario.India’s second largest IT firm Infosys Technologies, for instance, has increased security across its campuses. “We met the

Here’s the TOPSEO's list of the top 30 Organic Search Engine Optimization firms that are selected for 2008:1. Bruce Clay Inc.2. Increase Visibility Inc.3. SEOP Inc.4. Intrapromote LLC.5. ArteWorks SEO6. SEO Image Inc.7. Portent Interactive8. Customer magnetism9. Direct Hit Solutions, Inc.10. Web.com Search Agency11. Yellow7 Interactive12. eVisibility Inc.13. SEO.com14.

By Yoon Ja-youngStaff ReporterAuto insurance companies recorded a surplus thanks partly to high oil prices in the first half of the year for the first time in seven years. While other financial businesses such as banks, asset management firms, and brokerage houses are suffering because of the global financial crisis, auto insurance companies are enjoying a surplus on top of high investment returns

There is a saying that ‘Cheap’ and ‘Best’ do not exist together. Does that have to be true always? The internet has changed several things about business, and this is one of them. In today’s world, it is possible that cheap SEO firms and best SEO firms be the same company! If you have [...]

Precious metals prices fell across the board on Monday, with silver tumbling 10 percent, as oil fell in the wake of OPEC’s decision to defer a production cut, and the dollar strengthened against the euro. Gold slipped more than four percent to its weakest level since Nov 21, while platinum and palladium tumbled eight percent each [...]

Austin, TX - (ZPRYME NEWS) – 11/25/08 – The public relations industry is embryonic. Technology is without a doubt redefining the profession – this is obvious, and engaging a world of opportunities for PR firms to expand services. Even as many traditional PR firms are having a difficult time to unearth and sustain clients, novel [...]

Are you searching for a strategic business plan-consulting firm that can offer you various solutions to your travel business? Well, there are plenty of such organizations that provide you with individual services related to travel. However, there are very few professionally managed organizations that offer a varied set of services that encompass all aspects of [...]

Those who are associated with travel business realize the importance of travel agency consultation. In today’s fast-changing world, executive travel has become a routine activity of an organization. Large organizations need to organize multiple travels a day. The planning and managing of executive travel requires a lot of resources and demands a lot of skill [...]

No matter what you feel about an iPod, PSP, Mobile(Or any other Gadget) in your hand or the company created it. These geek firms has a major and ongoing impact on our lives. We listen songs from our... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

Oil companies plan to store millions of barrels of crude at sea as they wait for demand to pick up and prices to rise.So far oil companies have booked ships capable of holding up to 10 million barrels, brokers have said, more than the daily output of top exporter Saudi Arabia.On Thursday U.S. oil trader Koch and Royal Dutch Shellwere the latest to confirm bookings of additional Very Large Crude Ca

All major organisations consult law firms for all their major decisions. These law firms take care of all their legal aspects and documents so that they will have nothing to worry about. Normally the large organisations stick with a particular law firm for years or even for generations. One important aspect to look for while selecting a law firm is to look in to their records. You must also look i

Artesian House in Bermondsey Spa regeneration of the area south of London represents a new approach to mixed-use development with a health center and apartments for two companies, Dransfield Owens de Silva and Pollard Thomas Edwards.Under the scheme commissioned by Hyde Housing Association, Dransfield Owens de Silva was responsible for the ground floor of the project, which provides accommodation

I understand that the Federal Trade Commission has been looking into regulating the debt settlement industry. I feel the time has come to finally address the needs of consumers for representation in credit counseling and debt settlement matters. I have provided a statement to the FTC in order to support the acceptance and regulation of for-profit [...]

A Nevada Law that took effect in October will require all businesses to encrypt personally-identifiable customer data, including names, and credit-card numbers, that are transmitted electronically.  Companies in Nevada that suffer a security breach, but comply with the new law would cap their damages at $1,000 per customer for each occurrence; however, those that do not comply would be

A Nevada Law that took effect in October will require all businesses to encrypt personally-identifiable customer data, including names, and credit-card numbers, that are transmitted electronically.  Companies in Nevada that suffer a security breach, but comply with the new law would cap their damages at $1,000 per customer for each occurrence; however, those that do not comply would be

Domestic automobile companies are equipping new car models with the next-generation, Euro-V engines, which will facilitate them to explore newer export markets in Europe and the US. The auto majors have introduced a range of petrol engines for their compact cars, which comply with the Euro-V norms and are meant for the export markets.The auto majors' move also enables them to prepare for the strin

Are you looking for Seattle's Best Personal injury Lawyers?  Washington Law & Politics magazine provides a list of Washington's best lawyers. The SuperLawyer list is updated annually.  Washington Super Lawyers is published annually in June in the Summer issue of Washington Law & Politics magazine and the Washington Rising Stars is published annually in December.-----------

Such is the conclusion arrived in the State of Information Security Survey 2008 conducted by PricewaterhouseCoopers, CIO, and CSO magazines, according to techtree.com.  The survey polled 7,000 IT executives in 119 countries.  According to the breakdown by TechTree, 55 percent of Asian firms are encrypting databases, 50 percent are adopting laptop encryption, and 47 percent are protecting

The insurance industry has nowhere to go but upUkraine’s life insurance market is still in its infancy, with less than 5 percent of the population buying such policies – very low by Western standards. The low rates may be rooted in a general lack of trust among Ukrainians in financial institutions and in cultural attitudes that are more accepting of risk.So the industry has had almost nowhere

In order to maintain confidence in the market, the Federal Reserve will provide up to $540 billion to money-market mutual funds. Short-term debts have become under considerable stress as investors continue to withdraw funds. Money market funds are key source of financing for both banks and companies.

If you have read anything on this site about companies that tell you they can help you reduce your debts, help you get out of debt, or help you fix your credit, you know we are very skeptical of these claims. There is only one debt help organization we recommend based on our [...]

15 firms get $12m for digital media projects Funding by R&D office expected to yield $37m in business spending and 240 new jobs By AMIT ROY CHOUDHURY   THE Media Development Authority (MDA) yesterday announced funding for 15 companies by the multi-agency Interactive Digital Media Research and Development Programme Office (IDMPO).   MR YAP ‘Our aim would be to nurture an environment [..

To help California meet surging demand for renewable energy, Spain’s leading firms visited California this last week, meeting with major utilities, economic development officials, legislators, regulators, private firms, the Lt. Governor, and members of the Governor’s staff regarding investment in renewable energy growth. Due to sophisticated advances in energy regulation and technologies in Sp

SINGAPORE, Oct 7 - Singapore state investor Temasek Holdings kicked off the sale of electricity generator PowerSeraya on Tuesday, in a deal that could fetch around $2.5 billion. PowerSeraya, the... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

TOKYO, Oct 1 - Business sentiment at big Japanese manufacturers turned negative for the first time in five years, a closely watch Bank of Japan survey showed, as the world's No.2 economy headed... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

The last time they did this, just a few months ago, it simply brought on a weak rally that fooled more dumb money into the market. I don't think there exists any other motive this time. Prices can still fall without short selling, in fact it could potentially fall even harder, like that of the Shanghai Index the past year (see chart for past 2 years).If short positions existed, at least there'd be

Press one for cost cutting, two for margin improvement BPO companies are wishing for a dream system. But while this is far from reality, outsourcers are experimenting with all options to survive the slowdown.Salinet Business Solutions is trying to play the volume game by pushing up the number of transactions in the same billing rate.Manoj Malhotra, CEO, Salient, says: "Typically if we were chargin

Here's something that you might have heard on local radio last week. OTT gas and electric prices for the people of Stoke. Well, it's happening here in Crewe as well to people who use pre-pay meters. As a result, South Cheshire based social landlord Wulvern Housing is calling on everyone to back a campaign that aims to stop energy firms ripping off their poorest customers. Rob Allen, Director of Pa

In their own words"Fee Fie Foe Firm is a search engine designed to give legal consumers and professionals better access to law firms and their services.”Why it might be a killerIt's great to have a place to find legal help. Having the ability to search internationally is awesome.Some questionsWill they add more countries? Do they [...]

Five out of six Indonesian coal companies, whose top executives were banned from overseas traveling because of unpaid royalty, agreed to pay 600 billion rupiah (some $65.51 million dollars) as a guarantee to address dispute with the government, according to local newspaper Tuesday.Indonesia, the world's largest coal exporter, has prohibited 14 executives of the firms from exiting the country due t

Technology firms are not the only sector looking at India. Goldman Sachs has just gotten approval from the Indian capital markets to operate an asset management company in India. It is expected that invested assets in the emerging economy to grow substantially over the next few years.

In today's internet marketplace, it's hard to get your company's website noticed. Corporate Performance Artists is a New York SEO firm that utilizes 2 Vote(s)

Investors hunt Yen and Swiss Franc on renewed US Financial worries. News and Events: The Dollar fell broadly on Thursday as worries of wider credit-related losses at some US financial firms made investors abandon risky trades, starting a rally in the Yen and Swiss Franc. They tend to

The Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange (HOSE) on August 19 announced that it... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

Incentives lure firms to produce 'clean' electricityJerusalem Post, Israel - Aug 14, 2008The installation ...

This week, two U.K. law firms, Eversheds and Clifford Chance, announced that they will be outsourcing paralegal work to India. Citing lower costs as their main reasons, the firms say they will be able to pass those savings along to clients.But at what cost? Will the paralegals in India be adequately supervised? Will they understand the intricacies of the English language as it relates to legal

Royal Coffer of Scotland has added the drive to advertise down its leveraged accommodation portfolio afterwards captivation talks with at atomic three clandestine disinterestedness firms over a plan to bankrupt debt account billions. This comes just canicule afterwards the British coffer appear it had bargain its accommodation portfolio by just beneath £5bn so far this year. A antecedent abutting

Consumers face year afterwards year of aggrandizement busting rises in baptize bills afterwards companies submitted affairs for increases of up to 22 per cent over a five-year aeon to 2015. As households face college bills for mortgages, food, activity and petrol, the baptize companies intend to backpack bills by up to £100 a year to pay for new pipes to abate leakage. Southern Baptize is plannin

SYDNEY, Aug 11 - Foreign exempt companies listed on the Australia Securities Exchange will be eligible for index inclusion from Sept. 1, the ASX and indices provider Standard & Poor's said in a... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

Adianto P. Simamora, The Jakarta Post - Saturday, August 9, 2008 7:38 PM Palm oil companies operating in Indonesia pledged to stop expanding plantations into forests in response to growing global criticism about deforestation and to promote more sustainable products. Executive director of the Indonesian Palm Oil Association (GAPKI), Didiek Hadjar Goenadi, said here Monday palm oil companies w

August 1, there has been 90% among 302 listed firms of both HOSE and HASTC... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

I have brought my own domain at www.ipower.com .I don’t know whether it is good or bad hosting, but now I am experiencing problems like bad customer service and technical problems. People don’t know actually which one is best in terms of web hosting. So they are becoming victims of bad web hosting. In such a time they should give a look to web hosting geeks. The sites which will make us know w

Alistair Darling, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, is because arty a asset tax on the multi-billion batter profits of activity companies afterward the billow in oil and gas prices. Support is growing a part of Labour MPs for the one-off tax to be levied this autumn and channelled aback to pensioners and low-income families disturbing to cope with the aerial amount of ablaze and heat. An all-party

I have been reading Keystone Trading Group's blog for awhile now and they share some good trading insights. Today I just found SMB Capital's blog and I spent some time going through their posts. Yes they are the same guys from Wall Street Warriors Season 2. They got some good posts there dealing with trading styles, psychology, and trading day summaries. This post got me doing a little reflect

“People are biggest assets of any organization”- you might have heard or read this statement from several sources and many times. The above business quote gets more relevance in the present business environment especially in service industry. Service industry like travel needs quality and skilled man power to run its operations. But the increased [...]

By Property Reporters, The Nation The Phloenchit-Wireless intersection is set to become a new landmark for Bangkok, as three property developers, including the Central Group, Tan Passakornnatee and Charoen Siriwattanapakdi, get set to develop projects worth about Bt20billion at the location. The Central Group helped the Phloenchit-Wireless Road area gain popularity in March 2006 when it won [...]

BIOTECHNOLOGY start-ups could soon be listing alongside exotic investment funds in what would be one of the biggest shake-ups undertaken by the Singapore Exchange (SGX). The revamp unveiled... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

The term executive search firm is used for those who do research frameworks through some employees in the council. Search May be three main types, as in the Board of Directors by the leaders of the organization, or by a search for executives outside the organization. Executive-Search-Firms.com offers all job seekers a platform to launch career, [...]

The credit crunch has changed the buyout dynamic for private equity firms. Once able to secure flexible lending terms from investment banks to finance leveraged buyouts, private equity firms have shifted to employing lower leverage and targeting smaller conservative investments. The shift is largely a function of investment banks desire not to syndicate leveraged loans because [...]

It has been found that over 500 companies around the world has been led by Indian origin executives. It is known that the Indians are intelligent people and maybe this might be reason why so many Indians are so successful in business.Indians work in business oriented companies and they reach very high position because of their talent. Indians were in business from the very beginning in the history

How dishonest brokerage firms can cause trouble to you? And if that right, what investors should do in order to avoid any trouble may occur? There are many questions we want to ask about those devious brokerage firms. In fact, penny stock investing is the most profitable investment we had ever seen. But [...]

After reading a recent Chicago Tribune article regarding Avvo’s (www.Avvo.com) online lawyer rating system, I decided to check out the site for myself. At first glance, the site looks interesting, useful and credible.  The same as many other online consumer, ratings, networking and other business related sites.  I enjoy these sites, use them and believe that [...]

I have a very good relationship with several PR firms. We contact each other when something comes up that may be of interest to the other and we both offer something to each other. That offering usually goes something like...

Vietnam’s central bank has told businesses to stop complaining about high interest rates because the sky-high rates were a side-effect of the... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

Last week, I joined Chris Cardell’s Entrepreneur Summit 2008. Possible on final day, in morning session he talked about search engines, landing pages, conversion rates etc. I was really amazed to found that he talked about Google Adwords and buying Keywords but he didn’t talk anything about how to search keywords or how anyone can [...]

The IPO market has crimped the most, with no venture-backed firms making the leap to going public during the second quarter of 2008, according to a report from Dow Jones VentureSource and a similar study from the National Venture Capital Association and Thomson Reuters.Combined with only five venture-backed offerings in the first quarter, the market for venture-backed IPO deals has plummeted from

Today, companies highly utilized technology. Technology makes business more convenient and much profitable. However, the use of technology arise problems, thus it should be addressed right away to keep business operating. IT companies sprout like mushrooms, the challenge lies in choosing the right firm that will give the best IT service possible. Many IT service company declare that they are the b

A softer economy means that non-partners at law firms end up with targets on their heads as partners try to cut costs and build revenue in a difficult time. South Florida is just one of many areas hit by economic troubles, but the layoffs look troubling. For example, after four out of five partners announced their defectin to Carlton Fields, litigation boutique Zuckerman Spaeder closed its

A softer economy means that non-partners at law firms end up with targets on their heads as partners try to cut costs and build revenue in a difficult time. South Florida is just one of many areas hit by economic troubles, but the layoffs look troubling.For example, after four out of five partners announced their defectin to Carlton Fields, litigation boutique Zuckerman Spaeder closed its Miami o

At the concluding session of Nasscom's BPO Strategy Summit in Bangalore recently, 24/7 Customer's co-founder S Nagarajan made an unusual and passionate plea. He asked the large audience to write letters to newspapers whenever they found articles that portrayed the BPO industry in a negative light. "If you have different experiences from that stated in the articles, you should all write to the ed

Source: The Nation Cash-strapped developers put funds from sales into projectssmall- and medium-sized developers have suspended condominium projects in the face of high construction costs and stricter scrutiny from the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration for EIA and construction licences. With the cost of raw materials rising and construction licences getting tougher to obtain, small- and medium-s

HCM CITY — Viet Nam’s real estate market is suffering a severe lack of capital as banks shut off credit flows to the industry.The credit crunch is not only having a negative affect on property investors though. Banks are also refusing to lend to private individuals who wish to borrow money to buy their own home.Put in a difficult position, many construction companies have this year deliberatel

Small to mid-size Japanese companies require specialized assistance that is not readily available, accessible or affordable when seeking to do business internationally. The same is also true for smaller U.S. firms seeking to do business in Japan as well. In...

Several U.S. companies signed deals to invest in Viet Nam during a visit by the Vietnamese prime minister to Washington on Tuesday, that aims to further expand business between the two countries. "These are important investments that will improve Vietnamese productivity and add to the growing economic partnership between our countries," Commerce Secretary Carlos Gutierrez said in a stat

US and Vietnamese firms signed several businesses deals Tuesday as the two countries pledged to boost trade ties during a state visit by Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung. US Commerce Secretary Carlos Gutierrez and Dung presided over the signing of contracts and other agreements that the Commerce Department said represented "expanded access for US companies to Vietnam's growing marke

At the concluding session of Nasscom's BPO Strategy Summit in Bangalore recently, 24/7 Customer's co-founder S Nagarajan made an unusual and passionate plea. He asked the large audience to write letters to newspapers whenever they found articles that portrayed the BPO industry in a negative light. "If you have different experiences from that stated in the articles, you should all write to the edit

US Governement designated the polar bear as an endangered species, last month.Now the Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) stands accused of giving oil companies a "blank cheque to harass polar bears". Theseven oil companies that paid $2.6 billion in February for the rights to look for oil in the Chukchi Sea, off the coast of Alaska. Some 2000 polar bears live in the region - a significant ch

The Ministry of Industry and Trade (MoIT) has announced that it will keep a careful eye on the cooking-gas market. It says that it will now fine companies and retailers who raise prices illegally. MoIT held a meeting last week with cooking gas companies on recent domestic price hikes. Last week gas prices reached a record high of VND280,000-295,000 (US$17.50-18.40) per 12 kg canister when

SAN FRANCISCO - Jeff Weiner, a top Yahoo (YHOO.O: Quote, Profile, Research, Stock Buzz) executive, has left the company to join Accel Partners and Greylock Partners, the venture firms said on Monday. Weiner will hold the title of “executive in residence” at both firms. The appointment takes effect in early September. Weiner is the latest in a [...]

The State Securities Commission (SSC) recently approved seven more firms to issue extra shares including four listed firms namely Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange (HOSE)-listed Hoang Gia (Royal) International Joint Stock Co (coded RIC), STC-lised Construction Joint Stock Co No 5 (coded SC5), Hanoi Securities Trading... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other conte

S’pore law firms boost tax practices Move in tandem with demand driven by growing private banking clients, litigation By CHEN HUIFEN   DRIVEN by the growth of the wealth management business, and transactions requiring more complex tax advisory, Singapore law firms are expanding their tax practices.   Rajah & Tann tax team: (From left) Yeoh Lian Chuan, Stacy Choong, Ronald Choo, [...]

A delegation of Spanish businesses will arrive in Viet Nam late this month to explore business opportunities and seek local partners, said the Spanish Embassy in Hanoi Friday. Senior leaders from 25 businesses will join the two-day mission led by the Spanish Council of Chambers of Commerce with the support of the Economic and Commercial Office of Spain in Ho Chi Minh City. The council brought

IBM announced on June 11 the latest additions and upgrades to its mid-market solutions, including Express Advantage offerings, designed to help mid-sized businesses to minimise business risks and maximise business efficiency. The revamped IBM Express Advantage combines a comprehensive portfolio of technology offerings, business solutions and financing options with a network of local IBM business

“It was so complex it could easily qualify as a question on a GMAT exam,” says the company’s logistics director Gaurav Kalra, who was part of a team deputed to automate Convergys’ transportation programme and bring it under control. Since many employees had a new schedule every five days, he says, someone was spending half the week just converting timetables into routes.Transportation ca

Reader Q&A is back with a vengeance this week. With many Mergers & Inquisitions readers having just started their summer internships or preparing to start soon, everyone is focused on getting the most out of their experiences and getting ready for full-time recruiting in the fall (I wish I was half this prepared when [...]

High inflation is posing problems for advertising and public relations (PR) companies, resulting in the cancellation of over half of open ad contracts. With competition already fierce in the advertising industry, the surging inflation rate that Viet Nam has seen in recent months has taken a particular toll. This rapid increase in commodity prices has been attributed to the decreased purchasing

Book Description ISBN-981277906X This book is essential reading for any manager who has to make competitive decisions — decisions which affect the competitive success of a corporation or business unit. The book is unique in that it is based on detailed research spanning a decade of dramatic competitive change. Thanks to the internet, globalization, technological and demographic [...]

The country is undergoing an unfortunate trend where listed enterprises have started buying back shares for the wrong reasons and without enough money. After seeing the benefit of buybacks in helping to stabilise stock prices when the market falls, listed firms are using different sources of capital to undergo the... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other conten

This article emphasizes the essentials of employing graphic designers from the best graphic design company of LA. Such companies should be able to resolve all design challenges and help their client achieve their business goals. Also, what does it take to be among the best graphic designers?

IBM Corp held a conference to introduce advisory solutions in information technology to domestic and foreign insurance companies operating in Viet Nam on Thursday. The IBM Center for Business Optimization has developed consulting solutions to address some of the industry’s most pressing problems, such as discovering, reducing and preventing fraudulent activities and unnecessary expenditures

Coconut candy firms in the Mekong Delta province of Ben Tre and 100 other small manufacturing units have had to suspend their operation or halve their number of working days because of high materials prices, according to Ngo Van Cai, chairman of the Ben Tre Coconut Candy Association. Coconut candy firms make up 30 percent of the 12 private enterprises in the province. Firms including the Dong A