‘The power station was the site of a fire on April 20, 1964, which caused power failures throughout London including the BBC Television Centre, which was due to launch BBC Two that night…’[‘Absolute Astronomy’]I REMEMBER my father telling me about his school trip to Battersea Power Station. It must have been awe-inspiring to see, so close, the quad of chimneystacks send plumes of coal sm
Normal 0 MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 · AC voltmeters and ammeters · Frequency and phase measurement . · Power measurement · Power quality measurement · AC bridge circuits · AC instrumentation transducers .
Normal 0 MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 · Single-phase power systems · Three-phase power systems · Phase rotation · Polyphase motor design · Three-phase Y and configurations · Three-phase transformer circuits · Harmonics in polyphase power systems . · Harmonic phase sequences
India Capital Markets has maintained its buy rating on Opto Circuits India in its November 24, 2008 research report. "We believe that OCIL with its past strong track record, strong visibility of earnings growth & Cash flow has potential to announce positive surprises by its aggressive acquisition strategy. Hence, We maintain a “BUY” rating on the stock," says India Capital Markets' research re
Introduction To DC Circuits Series batteries Parallel batteries Voltage divider Current divider Potentiometer as a voltage divider Potentiometer as a rheostat Precision potentiometer Rheostat range limiting Thermoelectricity Make your own multimeter Sensitive voltage detector Potentiometric voltmeter 4-wire resistance measuremen
Introduction To Digital Electronics Basic gate function in Electronics NOR gate S-R latch NAND gate S-R enabled latch NAND gate S-R flip-flop LED sequencer in Electronics Simple combination lock 3-bit binary counter 7-segment display
Thomas Petruzzellis, «The Alarm Sensors and Security Circuits Cookbook286 pages McGraw-Hill/TAB Electronics English ISBN: 0830643141 10.8 MbThis book does not go into the theory behind any of the sensors shown, nor does it go into any of the theory behind the electronic and optoelectronic parts required to build any of the circuits shown. It is basically just a library of different kinds of alarm
In today’s article we are going to discuss terminating the receptacle circuits and getting everything ready for a rough electrical inspection. For anyone that missed the first two parts of this series, you may read them by clicking on the following links:
How to Wire a Recreation Room in Your Basement - Part 1: Creating a [...]
Want to know how to make really really good homemade Printed circuit boards? This taken is from original posting of Mike's Electronic Stuff. This page contains a guide to producing consistently high quality PCBs quickly and efficiently, particularly for professional prototyping of production boards. Unlike most other PCB homebrew guides, emphasis is placed on quality, speed and repeatability rath
Suppose we had a simple one-battery, one-lamp circuit controlled by a switch. When the switch is closed, the lamp immediately lights. When the switch is opened, the lamp immediately darkens: (Figure ) Lamp appears to immediately respond to switch. Actually, an incandescent lamp takes a short time for its filament to warm up and emit light after receiving an electric current of suff
I have noticed lately that all of the educational toys I tend to post tend to be for much younger children; however, the importance of education doesn’t simply go away with age so I picked today’s toy just for parents of older children who have a hunger for knowledge! The Nap Circuits Jr is a [...]
C. Jerry Walker asks:
Where do I find a 60 watt 220 volt light bulb? I bought a band saw. I changed the motor from 110 volts to 220 volts. At 110, it pulled 15 amps, at 220 it pulls 7 1/2 amps. However there is a work light attached to the saw and it [...]
RCOM CMP: RS 442.25 TARGET PRICE: RS 501Merrill Lynch has downgraded Reliance Communications from‘buy’ to ‘neutral’on lower than expected earnings due to weak revenues from its fixed wireless division. “The size of PCO (fixed wireless public call offices) revenues comes as a surprise to us,” says Merrill Lynch, adding that the topline and EBITDA was 8% and 11% below its expectations. T
Everyone who is joining first year in BE/B.Tech degree program under Anna university affiliated colleges will have a common syllabus. And also the first year has been made non semester by Anna University. Only during the second year the students will be entering into their department. It is from the second year you will start learning your core subjects. For me being a ECE student my core subject
William Ryde asks:
I was cleaning my stove, I think a little water got on one burner. When I put everything back together, and turned on the stove it blew out the fuse, I replaced the fuse. Now the oven work’s the burner light show it’s on but only one burner heats up. Does it [...]
Digital Circuits fall under two basic categories they are, Combinational and Sequential. The Combinational circuits are those which has no storage elements and the output of the combinational circuits depends only on the present input. The Sequential circuits on the other hand, has storage elements and their output depends on external inputs and the values in the storage elements. The sequential c
Ralph Stukenberg asks:
I am doing some electrical work for my mother-in-law, she wants to replace a new light in ceiling of closed in porch plus a security light on outside of same porch how can I do this with just the one switch she already has and to keep the other box on all [...]
We'd like to share with you a selection of cool racetracks we've created for Line Driver. They are sorted from the easiest one to the most difficult; the last one is pretty hard I think :) And by the way, you can challenge us on all of them! Don't hesitate to leave your challenges URL in the comments.Have fun!1. Mario Kart: Mushroom CupLet's start with an easy one...2. Track for beginnersThis on
Presents modern CMOS logic circuits, fabrication, and layout in a cohesive manner that links the material together with the system-level considerations.* Chapter on Verilog HDL allows for rapid start-up.* Illustrates the top-down design procedure used in modern VLSI chip design with an emphasis on variations in the HDL, logic, circuits and layout The rest..
The simplest LED flasher is simply to use a flashing LED based on 555 and transistor operate as astable circuit.There are many possible applications for the circuits such as Railroad crossing signal for model railroads,Safety blinkers for bicycles,Fun stuff for Halloween, like making those plastic Jack-O-lanterns blink (try using ultraviolet LEDs here),Christmas decorations,Blinkers to locate [...
So with the Turbulence Training 30 Day Max Fat Loss workouts I have been doing, I am doing weight training 4x per week. I have been avoiding intervals on the treadmill, to avoid right hip pain. I still seem to be making progress, but I need a little bit of variety in my workouts, [...]
Medical Electronics manufacturing company Opto Circuits India (OCI) is a safe stock for long term investors. It is a rare company that announced bonus and dividend for the last 7 consecutive years. It is strategically acquiring companies in the United States which will provide ample growth opportunities in the next 2 years. OCI recently announced 7:10 bonus and Rs 5 dividend for which record date
For the fourth consecutive year, MotorSport Vision has teamed up with Renault for the French manufacturer and Formula 1 constructor to supply driving experience and race meeting support vehicles to MSV venues.
The new fleet, which was unveiled this week, includes fourteen New Twingo GTs for MotorSport Vision's innovative YoungDrive experience. The Twingo is Renault’s all-new [...]
A magnetic circuit can be compared with an electric current in which EMF, or voltage, produces a current flow. The ampere-turns (NI), or the magnetomotive force (Fm or mmf), will produce a magnetic flux F (Figure 26). The mmf can be compared with EMF, and the flux (Φ) can be compared to current. Equation (1-16) [...]
In this website you will see several examples how to simulate PIC microcontroller circuit using PROTEUS VSM such as interfacing c,7-segment,switchs etc.Link
Related PostsMIDIATORBasic Stamp PIC Microcontroller Temp SensorLaser Display.NET OscilloscopeSerial interfacing LCD with Pic Microcontroller
Product Description
CMOS Memory Circuits is a systematic and comprehensive reference work designed to aid in the understanding of CMOS memory circuits, architectures, and design techniques.
CMOS technology is the dominant fabrication method and almost the exclusive choice for semiconductor memory designers.
Both the quantity and the variety of complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)
Opto Circuits Bonus Issue has been recommended by the board of directors of Opto Circuits India Limited in the board meeting that was held earlier today. Certainly, bonus issue seems to be the in-thing these days. Almost every other day, one company or the other seems to be declaring a bonus issue to arrest the huge [...]
Opto Circuits India Ltd has informed the market that on a meeting that was held on may 27th 2008 they have decided on dividend and Bonus information and the information is as follows
1. Recommended payment of 50% Dividend, subject to Share Holders Approval in the Annual General Meeting.
2. Recommended to issue Bonus Shares of 7 [...]
BASIC AC THEORY · What is alternating current (AC)? · AC waveforms · Measurements of AC magnitude · Simple AC circuit calculations · AC phase · Principles of radio COMPLEX NUMBERS · Introduction · Vectors and AC waveforms · Simple vector addition · Complex vector addition · Polar and rectangular notation · Complex number arithmetic · Mo
IntroductionSeries batteries Parallel batteries Voltage divider Current divider Potentiometer as a voltage divider Potentiometer as a rheostat Precision potentiometer Rheostat range limiting Thermoelectricity Make your own multimeter Sensitive voltage detector Potentiometric voltmeter 4-wire resistance measurement
· Single-phase power systems · Three-phase power systems · Phase rotation · Polyphase motor design · Three-phase Y and configurations. · Three-phase transformer circuits. · Harmonics in polyphase power systems. · Harmonic phase sequences
· AC voltmeters and ammeters · Frequency and phase measurement · Power measurement · Power quality measurement · AC bridge circuits · AC instrumentation transducers. · Power in resistive and reactive
PARTS AND MATERIALS 4011 quad NAND gate (Radio Shack catalog # 276-2411)Eight-position DIP switch (Radio Shack catalog # 275-1301)Ten-segment bargraph LED (Radio Shack catalog # 276-081)One 6 volt batteryTwo 10 kΩ resistorsThree 470 Ω resistors Caution! The 4011 IC is CMOS, and therefore sensitive to static electricity! CROSS-REFERENCES Lessons In Electric Circuits, Volume 4, chapter 3: "Logic Gates" LEARNING OBJECTIVES Purpose of a "pulldown" resistorHow to experimentally determine the truth table of a gateHow to connect logic gates togetherHow to create different logical functions by using NAND gates SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM ILLUSTRATION INSTRUCTIONS To begin, connect a single NAND gate to two input switches and one LED, as shown. At first, the use
PARTS AND MATERIALS 4001 quad NOR gate (Radio Shack catalog # 276-2401)Eight-position DIP switch (Radio Shack catalog # 275-1301)Ten-segment bargraph LED (Radio Shack catalog # 276-081)One 6 volt batteryTwo 10 kΩ resistorsTwo 470 Ω resistorsTwo 100 Ω resistors Caution! The 4001 IC is CMOS, and therefore sensitive to static electricity! CROSS-REFERENCES Lessons In Electric Circuits, Volume 4, chapter 3: "Logic Gates" Lessons In Electric Circuits, Volume 4, chapter 10: "Multivibrators" LEARNING OBJECTIVES The effects of positive feedback in a digital circuitWhat is meant by the "invalid" state of a latch circuitWhat a race condition is in a digital circuitThe importance of valid "high" CMOS signal voltage levels SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM ILLUSTRATION I
PARTS AND MATERIALS 4011 quad NAND gate (Radio Shack catalog # 276-2411)Eight-position DIP switch (Radio Shack catalog # 275-1301)Ten-segment bargraph LED (Radio Shack catalog # 276-081)One 6 volt batteryThree 10 kΩ resistorsTwo 470 Ω resistors Caution! The 4011 IC is CMOS, and therefore sensitive to static electricity! CROSS-REFERENCES Lessons In Electric Circuits, Volume 4, chapter 3: "Logic Gates" Lessons In Electric Circuits, Volume 4, chapter 10: "Multivibrators" LEARNING OBJECTIVES Principle and function of an enabled latch circuit SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM ILLUSTRATION INSTRUCTIONS Although this circuit uses NAND gates instead of NOR gates, its behavior is identical to that of the NOR gate S-R latch (a "high" Set input drives Q "high," and a "high" Re
PARTS AND MATERIALS 4011 quad NAND gate (Radio Shack catalog # 276-2411)4001 quad NOR gate (Radio Shack catalog # 276-2401)Eight-position DIP switch (Radio Shack catalog # 275-1301)Ten-segment bargraph LED (Radio Shack catalog # 276-081)One 6 volt batteryThree 10 kΩ resistorsTwo 470 Ω resistors Caution! The 4011 IC is CMOS, and therefore sensitive to static electricity! Although the parts list calls for a ten-segment LED unit, the illustration shows two individual LEDs being used instead. This is due to lack of room on my breadboard to mount the switch assembly, two integrated circuits, and the bargraph. If you have room on your breadboard, feel free to use the bargraph as called for in the parts list, and as shown in prior latch circuits. CROSS-REFERENCES Lessons In El
PARTS AND MATERIALS 4017 decade counter/divider (Radio Shack catalog # 276-2417)555 timer IC (Radio Shack catalog # 276-1723)Ten-segment bargraph LED (Radio Shack catalog # 276-081)One SPST switchOne 6 volt battery10 kΩ resistor1 MΩ resistor0.1 µF capacitor (Radio Shack catalog # 272-135 or equivalent)Coupling capacitor, 0.047 to 0.001 µFTen 470 Ω resistorsAudio detector with headphones Caution! The 4017 IC is CMOS, and therefore sensitive to static electricity! Any single-pole, single-throw switch is adequate. A household light switch will work fine, and is readily available at any hardware store. The audio detector will be used to assess signal frequency. If you have access to an oscilloscope, the audio detector is unnecessary. CROSS-REFERENCES Lessons In Electri
PARTS AND MATERIALS 4001 quad NOR gate (Radio Shack catalog # 276-2401)4070 quad XOR gate (Radio Shack catalog # 900-6906)Two, eight-position DIP switches (Radio Shack catalog # 275-1301)Two light-emitting diodes (Radio Shack catalog # 276-026 or equivalent)Four 1N914 "switching" diodes (Radio Shack catalog # 276-1122)Ten 10 kΩ resistorsTwo 470 Ω resistorsPushbutton switch, normally open (Radio Shack catalog # 275-1556)Two 6 volt batteries Caution! Both the 4001 and 4070 ICs are CMOS, and therefore sensitive to static electricity! This experiment may be built using only one 8-position DIP switch, but the concept is easier to understand if two switch assemblies are used. The idea is, one switch acts to hold the correct code for unlocking the lock, while the other switch serves
PARTS AND MATERIALS 555 timer IC (Radio Shack catalog # 276-1723)One 1N914 "switching" diode (Radio Shack catalog # 276-1122)Two 10 kΩ resistorsOne 100 µF capacitor (Radio Shack catalog # 272-1028)4027 dual J-K flip-flop (Radio Shack catalog # 900-4394)Ten-segment bargraph LED (Radio Shack catalog # 276-081)Three 470 Ω resistorsOne 6 volt battery Caution! The 4027 IC is CMOS, and therefore sensitive to static electricity! CROSS-REFERENCES Lessons In Electric Circuits, Volume 4, chapter 10: "Multivibrators" Lessons In Electric Circuits, Volume 4, chapter 11: "Counters" LEARNING OBJECTIVES Using the 555 timer as a square-wave oscillatorHow to make an asynchronous counter using J-K flip-flops SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM ILLUSTRATION INSTRUCTIONS In a s
PARTS AND MATERIALS 4511 BCD-to-7seg latch/decoder/driver (Radio Shack catalog # 900-4437)Common-cathode 7-segment LED display (Radio Shack catalog # 276-075)Eight-position DIP switch (Radio Shack catalog # 275-1301)Four 10 kΩ resistorsSeven 470 Ω resistorsOne 6 volt battery Caution! The 4511 IC is CMOS, and therefore sensitive to static electricity! CROSS-REFERENCES Lessons In Electric Circuits, Volume 4, chapter 9: "Combinational Logic Functions" LEARNING OBJECTIVES How to use the 4511 7-segment decoder/display driver ICGain familiarity with the BCD codeHow to use 7-segment LED assemblies to create decimal digit displaysHow to identify and use both "active-low" and "active-high" logic inputs SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM ILLUSTRATION INSTRUCTIONS This experiment
A semiconductor device is one made of silicon or any number of other specially prepared materials designed to exploit the unique properties of electrons in a crystal lattice, where electrons are not as free to move as in a conductor, but are far more mobile than in an insulator. A discrete device is one contained in its own package, not built on a common semiconductor substrate with other components, as is the case with ICs, or integrated circuits. Thus, "discrete semiconductor circuits" are circuits built out of individual semiconductor components, connected together on some kind of circuit board or terminal strip. These circuits employ all the components and concepts explored in the previous chapters, so a firm comprehension of DC and AC electricity is essential before embarking on
PARTS AND MATERIALS 6 volt batteryPower transformer, 120VAC step-down to 12VAC (Radio Shack catalog # 273-1365, 273-1352, or 273-1511).One 1N4001 rectifying diode (Radio Shack catalog # 276-1101)One neon lamp (Radio Shack catalog # 272-1102)Two toggle switches, SPST ("Single-Pole, Single-Throw") A power transformer is specified, but any iron-core inductor will suffice, even the home-made inductor or transformer from the AC experiments chapter! The diode need not be an exact model 1N4001. Any of the "1N400X" series of rectifying diodes are suitable for the task, and they are quite easy to obtain. I recommend household light switches for their low cost and durability. CROSS-REFERENCES Lessons In Electric Circuits, Volume 1, chapter 16: "RC and L/R Time Constants" Lesson
PARTS AND MATERIALS Low-voltage AC power supply (6 volt output)6 volt batteryOne 1N4001 rectifying diode (Radio Shack catalog # 276-1101)Small "hobby" motor, permanent-magnet type (Radio Shack catalog # 273-223 or equivalent)Audio detector with headphones0.1 µF capacitor (Radio Shack catalog # 272-135 or equivalent) The diode need not be an exact model 1N4001. Any of the "1N400X" series of rectifying diodes are suitable for the task, and they are quite easy to obtain. See the AC experiments chapter for detailed instructions on building the "audio detector" listed here. If you haven't built one already, you're missing a simple and valuable tool for experimentation. A 0.1 µF capacitor is specified for "coupling" the audio detector to the circuit, so that only AC reaches the dete
PARTS AND MATERIALS Low-voltage AC power supply (6 volt output)Two 1N4001 rectifying diodes (Radio Shack catalog # 276-1101)Small "hobby" motor, permanent-magnet type (Radio Shack catalog # 273-223 or equivalent)Audio detector with headphones0.1 µF capacitorOne toggle switch, SPST ("Single-Pole, Single-Throw") It is essential for this experiment that the low-voltage AC power supply be equipped with a center tap. A transformer with a non-tapped secondary winding simply will not work for this circuit. The diodes need not be exact model 1N4001 units. Any of the "1N400X" series of rectifying diodes are suitable for the task, and they are quite easy to obtain. CROSS-REFERENCES Lessons In Electric Circuits, Volume 3, chapter 3: "Diodes and Rectifiers" LEARNING OBJECTIVES D
PARTS AND MATERIALS Low-voltage AC power supply (6 volt output)Four 1N4001 rectifying diodes (Radio Shack catalog # 276-1101)Small "hobby" motor, permanent-magnet type (Radio Shack catalog # 273-223 or equivalent) CROSS-REFERENCES Lessons In Electric Circuits, Volume 3, chapter 3: "Diodes and Rectifiers" LEARNING OBJECTIVES Design of a bridge rectifier circuitAdvantages and disadvantages of the bridge rectifier circuit, compared to the center-tap circuit SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM ILLUSTRATION INSTRUCTIONS This circuit provides full-wave rectification without the necessity of a center-tapped transformer. In applications where a center-tapped, or split-phase, source is unavailable, this is the only practical method of full-wave rectification. In addition to requir
PARTS AND MATERIALS Low-voltage AC power supplyBridge rectifier pack (Radio Shack catalog # 276-1185 or equivalent)Electrolytic capacitor, 1000 µF, at least 25 WVDC (Radio Shack catalog # 272-1047 or equivalent)Four "banana" jack style binding posts, or other terminal hardware, for connection to potentiometer circuit (Radio Shack catalog # 274-662 or equivalent)Metal box12-volt light bulb, 25 wattLamp socket A bridge rectifier "pack" is highly recommended over constructing a bridge rectifier circuit from individual diodes, because such "packs" are made to bolt onto a metal heat sink. A metal box is recommended over a plastic box for its ability to function as a heat sink for the rectifier. A larger capacitor value is fine to use in this experiment, so long as its working voltage
No text on electrical metering could be called complete without a section on bridge circuits. These ingenious circuits make use of a null-balance meter to compare two voltages, just like the laboratory balance scale compares two weights and indicates when they're equal. Unlike the "potentiometer" circuit used to simply measure an unknown voltage, bridge circuits can be used to measure all kinds of electrical values, not the least of which being resistance. The standard bridge circuit, often called a Wheatstone bridge, looks something like this: When the voltage between point 1 and the negative side of the battery is equal to the voltage between point 2 and the negative side of the battery, the null detector will indicate zero and the bridge is said to be "balanced." The bridge'
A practical application of switch and relay logic is in control systems where several process conditions have to be met before a piece of equipment is allowed to start. A good example of this is burner control for large combustion furnaces. In order for the burners in a large furnace to be started safely, the control system requests "permission" from several process switches, including high and low fuel pressure, air fan flow check, exhaust stack damper position, access door position, etc. Each process condition is called a permissive, and each permissive switch contact is wired in series, so that if any one of them detects an unsafe condition, the circuit will be opened: If all permissive conditions are met, CR1 will energize and the green lamp will be lit. In real life, more tha
The interlock contacts installed in the previous section's motor control circuit work fine, but the motor will run only as long as each pushbutton switch is held down. If we wanted to keep the motor running even after the operator takes his or her hand off the control switch(es), we could change the circuit in a couple of different ways: we could replace the pushbutton switches with toggle switches, or we could add some more relay logic to "latch" the control circuit with a single, momentary actuation of either switch. Let's see how the second approach is implemented, since it is commonly used in industry: When the "Forward" pushbutton is actuated, M1 will energize, closing the normally-open auxiliary contact in parallel with that switch. When the pushbutton is released, the cl
A team of researchers at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology in Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture, has succeeded in producing hyperfine 3-D circuits using carbon nanotubes, it was learned Sunday. The team led by Kenji Hata released their findings in the on-line version of the May 4 issue of Nature Nanotechnology. The discovery is expected to help reduce the size of integrated circuits and allow the development of highly sophisticated sensors, the researchers said. The researchers synthesized nanotubes by blowing carbon gas that had been heated to about 800 C over a silicon board. They then processed the resulting nanotubes applying a technique normally used to make semiconductors. The process enabled the researchers to produce ultrafine wires as thin as 0.00
Product DescriptionThere is truly a lack of good, basic hardwire electronic "how-to" books. The market seems interested in this type of fun project compilation. This is another book in our extremely successful "Evil Genius" series. So far, each of the books has sold about $50,000 in less than 3 months.The perfect addition to our "Evil Genius" series, this book details everything an electronics hobbyist would want to know about circuits and circuit design through 57 Lessons. Readers work through 5 distinct, useful projects to reinforce their learning. From the Back CoverFROM CIRCUIT FAINT HEART TO CIRCUIT LION HEART IN 57 EASY AND FUN LESSONSFeaturing everything an electronics hobbyist could want to learn about circuits and circuit design, Dave Cutcher's Electronic Circuits for the Evil Gen
Hewlett-Packard (NYSE: HPQ) has announced that researchers from its own research facility in HP Labs have proven the existence of the theoretical "fourth...
[[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]
The IASTED International Conference on Circuits and Systems (CS 2008) will take place in Kailua-Kona, Hawaii, USA, August 18-20, 2008.
URL: -625.html.
Aims and...
[[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]
כ'ב בניסן תשס"חAnnwyn 23Motzi Shabbat Hebrew letter tarot reading performed under the waning gibbous moon 65% full during the planetary hour of the moon.The 3 letters:ז ש סof seven (ז) full circles of fire (שס 360 degrees, moznayim) cast
